Ungaqinisekisa Kanjani Ikhwalithi Yomsindo Ecacile Kuma-Smartphones Ezimboni?

Ungafinyelelaumsindo ocacile in amaselula ezimboningokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-VoIP ezifakwe izici ezithuthukisiwe zokukhansela umsindo,ifoni ye-hotline eqinileimiklamo, kanyeucingo oluvimbela ukugqwalaizinto zokwakha. Umsindo ocacile uqinisekisa ukuthi amazwi azwakala kahle, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinemishini enomsindo eduze. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amathuluzi okuxhumana athembekile asiza ekuvimbeleni imiyalelo engalandelwanga futhi anciphise izingozi. Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo kudinga ama-handset ocingo ezimboni anciphisa umsindo wangemuva futhi athuthukise ukucaca komsindo. Izisebenzi zihlala ziphephile futhi zisebenza kangcono uma ukhetha ama-handset ocingo aqinile anekhwalithi ephezulu ye-VoIP.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Sebenzisa amamakrofoni asusa umsindo kanye nezipikha ezizwela kakhulu. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimba umsindo wangemuva omkhulu. Futhi kwenza amazwi azwakale kahle ezindaweni ezinomsindo.
• Khetha ama-handset anezivikelo eziqinile njengezilinganiso eziphezulu ze-IP. Indlu evaliwe ivimbela amanzi, uthuli, kanye nomswakama ukungena. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ikhwalithi yomsindo inhle ngaphandle.
• Sebenzisa ukukhansela i-echo kanye nomklamo omuhle we-acoustic. Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni i-echo kanye nokuphazamiseka. Kulula ukuzwa nokuqonda izingcingo.
• Khetha ama-codec afanele futhi ugcine inethiwekhi eqinile nge-Quality of Service (QoS). Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izingcingo ze-VoIP zicacile futhi zithembekile.
• Hlola futhi ubuyekeze amadivayisi akho kanye nezilungiselelo zenethiwekhi njalo. Lokhu kuvimbela izinkinga zokushaya ucingo. Kusiza ama-handset akho ocingo asezimbonini ukuthi asebenze kahle.

Ubuchwepheshe Besipikha Nemakrofoni Bezindawo Ezinomsindo Ophezulu

Amafektri nezindawo zokugcina impahla kungaba nomsindo omkhulu. Imishini namathuluzi kwenza umsindo omkhulu usuku lonke. Udinga ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile ukuze ugcine ikhwalithi yekholi yakho ye-voip ilungile. Ukukhetha imakrofoni nezipikha ezifanele kukusiza ukuthi uzwe futhi ukhulume kangcono ezingcingweni. Ake sibone ukuthi yini esebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhulumeni okucacile.

Ama-Microphone Aqeda Umsindo

Ufuna abantu bezwe izwi lakho, hhayi imishini. Ama-microphone asebenzayo aqeda umsindo alungele lokhu. Lawa ma-microphone anama-microphone amabili noma ngaphezulu ngaphakathi. Omunye uthola izwi lakho, kanti omunye ulalela umsindo okuzungezile.Ukucubungula isignali yedijithali (i-DSP)kususa umsindo owengeziwe. Izwi lakho lizwakala licacile futhi kulula ukulizwa. Ama-microphone e-hybrid ANC asebenzisa izindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa ukuvimba umsindo. Ayindlela ehlakaniphile yokukhetha ikhwalithi yokushaya ucingo nge-voip.

Ezinye izinkampani zisebenzisa amamakrofoni akhethekile aqeda umsindo. Lawa asebenzisa izinto ezivimba imisindo ephezulu ukuthi ingangeni. Isibonelo, ama-headset analobu buchwepheshe asebenza kahle ezindaweni ezimatasa. Asiza abasebenzi ukuzwa nokukhuluma kangcono. Lokhu kugcina wonke umuntu ephephile futhi kubasize benze imisebenzi yabo.

Nansi indlela izindlela ezahlukene zokukhansela umsindo ezisebenza ngayo:

Icebiso: Gcina imakrofoni iseduze nomlomo wakho. Sebenzisa ama-headphone avaliwe ukuze uthole umsindo ongcono nakakhulu.

Izipikha Ezizwela Kakhulu

Izipikha ezizwela kakhulukukusiza uzwe wonke amagama. Asebenza kahle ngisho noma imishini inomsindo omkhulu. Lezi zikhulumi ziguqula amandla abe umsindo kahle kakhulu. Uba nomsindo ozwakalayo futhi ocacile ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amaningi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze uthole ikhwalithi yokushaya ucingo nge-voip. Udinga ukuzwa izixwayiso nemiyalelo ngokushesha.

• Izipikha ezizwela kakhulu zenza umsindo omningi ngamandla amancane.
• Uzwa kangcono ngaphandle kokwenza i-amplifier ishise.
• Zisebenza kahle ezindaweni ezinomsindo njengezimboni.
• Ubukhulu kanye nezinto zokwakha zesipikha kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Amanye amasethingi asebenzisa izipikha ezizwela kakhulu emisebenzini enzima.

Ukusebenzisa lezi zipikha kwenza izingcingo zakho ze-voip zizwakale kangcono. Ngeke uphuthelwe imiyalezo ebalulekile ngenxa yomsindo.

Ukucutshungulwa Kwesignali Yedijithali

Ukucubungula isignali yedijithali (i-DSP) kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-voip. I-DSP ithatha izwi lakho bese iliguqula libe idatha yedijithali. Isebenzisa izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ukuhlanza umsindo. I-DSP isusa umsindo, ilinganise umsindo, futhi yenze izwi lakho licace. Bese, iguqula umsindo wedijithali ube umsindo wangempela komunye umuntu.

I-DSP ingenza lokhu:

• Nciphisa umsindo wangemuva ukuze izwi lakho licace.
• Shintsha umsindo ukuze uvumelane negumbi, okwenza izingcingo ze-voip zibe ngcono.
• Yenza amazwi abuthakathaka abe namandla futhi umise umsindo wenethiwekhi.

Ama-codec e-Wideband afana ne-G.722 kanye ne-Opus nawo ayasiza. Lawa asebenza ne-voip ukukunikeza umsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu. Abamba imininingwane eminingi ezwini lakho futhi asebenza kahle noma ngabe inethiwekhi ishintsha. Nasi isifinyezo:

I-codec efanele ikunikeza ikhwalithi engcono yokushaya ucingo lwe-voip. Ngisho noma inethiwekhi yakho ingaphelele, usathola izingcingo ezicacile. Ungathemba uhlelo lwakho lwe-voip ukuthi luzokusiza ukhulume ngokucacile.

Qaphela: Njalo qiniseka ukuthi amadivayisi akho e-voip asebenzisa ama-codec amasha kanye ne-DSP ukuze athole umsindo ongcono kakhulu.

Ukumelana Nomoya Namanzi Eziphatheni Zangaphandle

Izilinganiso ze-IP

Izilinganiso ze-IP zikutshela ukuthi i-handset ivimba kahle kangakanani uthuli namanzi. Inombolo ephezulu isho ukuvikelwa okungcono. Njalo bheka isilinganiso se-IP ngaphambi kokuthenga i-handset yangaphandle. Nasi ishadi elilula:

Isilinganiso se-IP esiphezulu sisiza ifoni yakho ukuthi igcine umsindo omuhle, ngisho nasezivunguvungwini noma ezindaweni ezimanzi.

Izindlu Ezivaliwe

Ufuna i-handset yakho ihlale iminyaka eminingi. Indlu evaliwe iyasiza kulokhu. Abenzi basebenzisa ipulasitiki ekhethekile ukwenza izivalo eziqinile. Lezi zivalo zivimba amanzi nothuli ukuthi kungangeni ngaphakathi. Ama-handset amaningi asebenzisa i-aluminium alloy ngaphandle. Le nsimbi ayigqwali futhi igcina ingaphakathi liphephile. Amanye ama-handset anezivalo ze-o-ring kanye neminyango evala kahle ukuze kuphephe kakhulu. Lezi zinto zisiza i-handset yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle isikhathi eside, ngisho nasemapayipini noma ezitshalweni zikagesi.

• Indlu ye-aluminium alloy ayigqwali noma ayiphuki kalula.
• Izivalo ze-O-ring kanye nemisele eqinileyeka ukuvuza.
• Iminyango egcwele intwasahlobovimba imvula nothuli.
• Izembozo eziqiniswe yi-UV zivimba umonakalo welanga.

Ukuvikelwa Komswakama

Umswakama ungenza ikhwalithi yomsindo ibe yimbi ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngisho namanzi amancane ngaphakathi angalimaza umsindo. Ukuze umise lokhu, ungafakaijeli ye-silicangaphakathi kwefoni. Ijeli ye-silica imunca amanzi futhi igcine izinto zomile. Amanye amafoni asebenzisa izikhwama ezivimba umswakama noma izembozo ezikhethekile ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi. Ama-gasket enjoloba kanye nama-silicone sealant nawo ayasiza ekugcineni amanzi engangeni. Uma amanzi engena, amathuluzi okomisa akhethekile angalungisa umsindo. Ukugcina ifoni yakho yomile kusho ukuthi uhlala uzwa kahle, ngisho nasezindaweni ezimanzi.

Icebiso: Hlala ufuna isivikelo somswakama uma ukhetha i-handset yangaphandle. Lokhu kugcina izingcingo zakho zicacile futhi i-handset yakho isebenza isikhathi eside.

Ukunciphisa i-Echo kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kokucaca Kwezwi

Ukukhanselwa kwe-Echo

I-Echo ingaba yinkinga enkulu emafektri. Kwenzeka uma imakrofoni yakho izwa umsindo ovela kusipika sakho. Bese, ithumela lowo msindo emuva ocingweni. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukukhuluma nokuqondana. Ama-handset amasha e-voip asebenzisa ukukhanselwa kwe-echo okukhethekile ukulungisa lokhu. Isibonelo, i-Poly Trio 8800 isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Poly Acoustic Clarity™. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhuluma okuphindwe kabili, ukukhanselwa kwe-echo, kanye nokunciphisa umsindo. Iphinde ibe ne-NoiseBlock™ yokumisa imisindo engewona amazwi. Ama-handset e-Spectralink's S Series DECT asebenzisa ama-microphone amabili ukuze kukhanselwe kangcono i-echo kanye nokulawula umsindo. Lezi zici zikusiza ukuthi uzwe kahle futhi ugweme izinkinga zokushaya ucingo.

Ukusetshenziswa kokukhansela i-Echoizihlungi zedijithaliukuthola nokususa i-echo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-voip. Ukulibaziseka kwenethiwekhi kungenza i-echo ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ukukhanselwa kwe-Acoustic Echo (AEC) kususa ama-echo ngokushesha. Uthola umsindo ocacile futhi awukhathali ngokulalela. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi usebenze kangcono futhi kugcine izingcingo zakho zicacile.

Icebiso: Ukukhanselwa kwe-Echo kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinomsindo. Kukusiza ukuthi ube nezingcingo ezinhle ze-voip futhi kuvimbele izinkinga zezingcingo.

Umklamo we-Acoustic

Umklamo omuhle we-acoustic uyakusiza ukuthi uthole izingcingo ze-voip ezingcono. Ungasebenzisa amaphaneli nezimbozo ezibamba umsindo ukuvimba umsindo womshini. Izithulisi zezimboni namaphaneli kunciphisa umsindo ovela kumayunithi omoya kanye namajeneretha. Iminyango nezivalo ezingangeni msindo zivimbela umsindo ukuthi ungahambi phakathi kwamakamelo. Ukuvala umsindo kwengeza umsindo wangemuva othambile ukufihla imisindo ephezulu. Lezi zinyathelo zikusiza ukuthi umise ama-echo futhi wenze izingcingo zizwakale kangcono.

Kufanele usebenzise ukulawula ivolumu ukuze usethe izinga lomsindo elifanele. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uzwe amazwi ngaphandle kokwenza umsindo ube mkhulu. Umklamo omuhle we-acoustic wenza isikhala esilinganiselwe sezingcingo ze-voip. Kugcina umsindo wakho ucacile.

Ukunciphisa Ukuphazamiseka

Ukuphazamiseka komsindo kungenza izingcingo zakho ze-voip zibe zimbi kakhulu. Kuma-handset ezimboni, ukuphazamiseka kuvela kuma-converter e-DC-DC, amabhasi edijithali, kanye nezinsiza zikagesi. Lezi zingxenye zingenza umsindo we-electromagnetic kanye ne-radio frequency. Ungakulungisa lokhu ngezakhiwo ezinhle zebhodi lesifunda, ukuvikela, kanye nezihlungi. Izingxenye ezikhethekile zokucindezela umsindo, njengalezo eziku-TDK Audio Sample Kit, zisiza ukugcina umsindo uhlanzekile.

Izinhlelo ze-voip zanamuhla zisebenzisa ukuhlunga kwedijithali kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemvamisa. Lawa mathuluzi eqa amaza amatasa futhi avimbele umsindo omubi. Uma ulandela lawa macebiso, umisa ikhwalithi ye-voip embi futhi ugcine umsindo wakho ucacile, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinzima.

Amazinga Okuhlola Okusebenza Komsindo Wezinga Lezimboni

Ukuze ugcine ikhwalithi yokushaya ucingo lwe-voip ilungile kuma-handset efoni ezimboni, kufanele ulandele imithetho eqinile. Le mithetho ikusiza ukuthi uthole umsindo omuhle kakhulu, ngisho nasezindaweni ezinomsindo. Kufanele uhlole inethiwekhi yakho, ukhethe i-codec efanele, futhi usebenzise amathuluzi aqinile ukubuka inethiwekhi yakho. Nazi izinto eziyinhloko okudingeka uzenze.

Ukukhethwa kwe-Codec

Ukukhetha i-codec efanele kubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho lwe-voip. Ama-Codec ayanciphisa futhi avule umsindo, ukuze uthole umsindo omuhle futhi usebenzise inani elifanele ledatha. Amanye ama-codec afanaG.711 kanye no-G.722ikunikeza umsindo omuhle kodwa isebenzisa idatha eyengeziwe. I-Opus iyashintsha ngenethiwekhi futhi igcina izingcingo zicacile. I-G.729 isebenzisa idatha encane kodwa ingase ingezwakali kahle. Njalo qiniseka ukuthi amadivayisi akho kanye nensizakalo ye-voip kusebenza ne-codec oyikhethayo. Uma uqala ucingo, izinhlangothi zombili kumele zisebenzise i-codec esebenza ndawonye. Lokhu kumisa izinkinga futhi kugcina izingcingo zakho zizwakala kalula.

Icebiso: Hlola ukuthi i-codec yakho isebenza kanjani kaningi bese ubuyekeza amadivayisi akho ukuze ugcine ikhwalithi yokushaya ucingo lwe-voip iphezulu.

Ukuzinza Kwenethiwekhi

Inethiwekhi eqinile isiza izingcingo zakho ze-voip ukuthi zizwakale zicacile. Kufanele uhlole inethiwekhi yakho kakhulu. Sebenzisa isivivinyo se-voip ukuhlola idatha elahlekile, i-jitter, kanye nokubambezeleka. I-WiFi noma amasignali eselula amahle asiza ekumiseni izingcingo ezilahlekile nomsindo omubi. Umhlinzeki we-voip omuhle wenza nenethiwekhi yakho ibe ngcono. Ama-buffer e-jitter kanye nokwakheka kwethrafikhi kusiza ukugcina idatha ihamba kahle. Uma indlela eyodwa yenethiwekhi ihluleka, izindlela zokusekelayo zikusiza ukuthi uhlale uxhumekile. Njalo qaphela inethiwekhi yakho futhi uthole imishini emisha uma uyidinga.

• Sebenzisaama-router ebhizinisi ane-QoS.
• Ukuxhumeka okunezintambo kuzinzile kakhulu kunokuxhumeka okungenantambo.
• Bukela ikhwalithi yekholi ngamathuluzi enethiwekhi.
• Khetha umhlinzeki we-voip omuhle ukuze ube nezinkinga ezimbalwa.

Ikhwalithi Yesevisi (QoS)

Ikhwalithi Yesevisi (QoS) isiza izingcingo zakho ukuthi zihlale zicacile uma inethiwekhi imatasa. Ama-router nama-switch anganikeza idatha yezwi indawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Lokhu kunciphisa ukubambezeleka, ukushaqeka, kanye nokulahleka kwedatha. Kufanele uhlole inethiwekhi yakho bese ushintsha izilungiselelo ze-QoS uma kudingeka.Setha i-DSCP 46 yezwifuthi sebenzisa okubaluleke kakhulu. Qhubeka uhlola futhi ubuyekeza ukuze ugcine ikhwalithi yokushaya ucingo lwe-voip iphezulu.

Qaphela: Hlala uqaphile inethiwekhi yakho bese usebenzisa izivivinyo ze-voip ukuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi.

Imithetho efana ne-IEEE 269-2019 ikusiza ukuthi ulinganise ikhwalithi yomsindo. Izinkampani eziningi zisebenzisa nemithetho ye-IEC, ETSI, TIA, kanye ne-ANSI. Le mithetho ikusiza ukuthi uhlole futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yokushaya ucingo nge-voip njalo uma ushaya ucingo.

Uma uzwa umsindo omubi, zama lezi zinyathelo:

1. Hlola inethiwekhi yakho bese ubona ukuthi unedatha eyanele yini.
2. Sebenzisa isivivinyo se-voip ukuthola ukuthi yini engalungile.
3. Shintsha izilungiselelo ze-QoS neze-codec.
4. Buyekeza amadivayisi akho nesofthiwe.
5. Qaphela inethiwekhi yakho futhi uhlole ikhwalithi yezingcingo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukwenza lezi zinto kusiza izingcingo zakho ze-voip ukuthi zihlale zicacile futhi ziqinile.

Ungathola umsindo omuhle kuma-handset efoni ezimboni ngokukhetha ama-microphone athuthukile, usebenzisa imiklamo evaliwe, kanye nokunciphisa umsindo okunamandla. Hlola amadivayisi akho njalo ukuze ugcine umsindo umuhle. Ukunakekela ama-handset akho kusiza ukuvimba izinkinga futhi kugcina izingcingo zicacile. Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha futhi ubheke ukusetha kwakho njalo. Ukuthuthukisa ama-handset akho efoni ezimboni kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala unomsindo ongcono kakhulu kukho konke ukufona.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kusho ukuthini ukukala kwe-IP kuma-handset ezimboni?

Isilinganiso se-IP sibonisa ukuthi ifoni yakho ivimba kahle kangakanani uthuli namanzi. Izinombolo eziphakeme zisho ukuvikeleka okungcono. Isibonelo, i-IP67 isho ukuthi ifoni yakho ingaphatha uthuli kanye nezikhathi ezimfushane ngaphansi kwamanzi.

Ama-microphone aqeda umsindo asiza kanjani ezindaweni ezinomsindo?

Amamakrofoni asusa umsindo athatha izwi lakho futhi avimbele umsindo wangemuva. Uthola izingcingo ezicacile, ngisho noma imishini isebenza eduze. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uzwe futhi ukhulume ngaphandle kokumemeza.

Kungani kufanele uhlole inethiwekhi yakho ukuthola izingcingo ze-VoIP?

Inethiwekhi eqinile igcina izingcingo zakho zicacile. Kufanele uhlole inethiwekhi yakho ukuze uthole isivinini kanye nokuzinza. Ukuxhumeka okuhle kwe-WiFi noma okunezintambo kukusiza ukuthi ugweme izingcingo eziphonswayo kanye nomsindo ongemuhle.

Ungayivikela kanjani ifoni yakho emswakama?

Ungasebenzisa izindlu ezivaliwe, ama-gasket enjoloba, namaphakethe e-silica gel. Lezi zici zigcina amanzi engangeni futhi zivikele izingxenye zangaphakathi. Ifoni yakho ihlala yomile futhi isebenza isikhathi eside.

Kuyini ukukhanselwa kwe-echo, futhi kungani ukudinga?

Ukukhanselwa kwe-Echo kususa imisindo ephindaphindwayo ngesikhathi sezingcingo. Uzwa umuntu ekhuluma kuphela, hhayi izwi lakho elibuyayo. Lokhu kwenza izingxoxo zibe lula futhi zingadideki kakhulu.