Indlela Yokufaka Izipikha Ze-PA Zangaphandle Ezivikela I-Weatherproof Zezimemezelo

Isipikha esimelana nesimo sezulu sisebenza kuphela uma ukufakwa kuhambisana nendawo yesayithi kanye nomklamo wesistimu. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza izinyathelo ezisebenzayo, amazinga, kanye nokuhlolwa okudingekayo ukuze kusebenze kahle i-PA yangaphandle.

Ukufakwa Kwesipikha Esivikela Isimo Sezulu: Lokho Okufanele Kufezwe Umsebenzi

Umgomo wokufaka uwukumbozwa komsindo okuzinzile, hhayi nje ukufakwa ngokomzimba. Izinhlelo ze-PA zangaphandle kumele zimelane nemvula, uthuli, ukugqwala, ukudlidliza, kanye nokuphazanyiswa ngenkathi zisaletha izimemezelo ezicacile.

Ezindaweni zezimboni nezomphakathi, isipikha kufanele sikhethwe futhi sifakwe njengemishini ebhalwe ohlwini noma enelebula, bese sisetshenziswa ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi. I-OSHA ithi imishini ebhalwe ohlwini noma enelebula kumele ifakwe futhi isetshenziswe ngokwemiyalelo yayo, okuwumthetho oyisisekelo wokuthobela umthetho womsebenzi kagesi.I-OSHA 1910.303Empeleni, lokho kusho ukuthi i-bracket, i-cable gland, uphawu, kanye ne-power tap konke kumele kuhambisane nencazelo yomkhiqizo.

Izigaba Eziyinhloko Zomkhiqizo Kusayithi Lomhlinzeki

Isakhiwo somkhiqizo esiyinhloko somhlinzeki siwusizo ekufaniseni idivayisi yokuxhumana efanele nesayithi. Izigaba eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi izinhlelo zocingo ezikhethekile zezimboni, izingcingo ezingaqhumi futhi eziphephile ngokwemvelo, izingcingo ezingamelani nesimo sezulu kanye nezingacekeli phansi, izinhlelo ze-intercom neziphuthumayo, kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumanisa umphakathi kanye nezinhlelo zokuqinisa umsindo endaweni.

Kumaphrojekthi okumenyezelwa ngaphandle, imindeni yemikhiqizo efanele kakhulu yi-ububanzi besipikha se-horn, iisikhulumi esingangenisi simo sezulu, kanye nobubanziizinhlelo zokuxhumana zezimboniiphothifoliyo. Lezi zigaba zisiza abathengi ukuthi baqhathanise izinketho zokufaka, ukuvikelwa kokuvalelwa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesistimu ngaphambi kokuqala kokufakwa.

Ukufakwa Kwesipikha Esivikela Isimo Sezulu Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo

Uchungechunge lokufaka olufanele ukuhlolwa kwendawo, ukufakwa, ukuvalwa, ukufakwa kwezintambo, kanye nokuhlolwa. Ukweqa noma yiziphi zalezi zinyathelo kuvame ukudala ukwehluleka okubonakala kamuva njengokungena kwamanzi, ukumbozwa okubi, noma umsindo oqhubekayo.

1. Hlola indawo bese uqinisekisa izindawo zokumboza, umsindo ozungezile, kanye nokuphakama kokuyibeka.
2. Qinisekisa isilinganiso sendawo evalekile, indlela yokungena ngekhebula, kanye nezidingo zamandla.
3. Faka i-bracket endaweni enomsindo ngehadiwe engagqwali.
4. Vala zonke izindawo zokungena bese uhambisa ikhebula ngepayipi elivikelwe noma ama-gland avunyiwe.
5. Qeda izintambo, hlola i-polarity, bese uhlola ukuzwakala komsindo endaweni yokulalela.

Ukuhlolwa kwendawo kufanele kuze kuqala ngoba imisindo yangaphandle iyashintsha ngebanga, umoya, kanye nemishini yangemuva. Isipikha esisebenza eduze kwedokhi yokulayisha singase singasebenzi kahle egcekeni elivulekile uma iphethini yokuphonsa incane kakhulu noma ukuphakama kokuyibeka kuphansi kakhulu.

Ukufaka kufanele kusebenzise indawo eqinile kanye nehadiwe elinganiswe ngokwemvelo. Isiqondiso se-NEMA esivalekile sichaza ukuthi izindawo ezivalekile ezilinganiswe ngaphandle zichazwa yizidingo zokuvikela imvelo, kanti i-NEMA 250 iyindinganiso yokubhekisela yokwakha indawo evalekile kanye nokumaka.Izinhlobo ze-NEMA ezivalekile Isikophu se-NEMA 250. Ngemishini yomsindo yangaphandle, lokho kusho ukuthi indawo yokufaka kumele isekele umthwalo ophelele, okuhlanganisa umoya nokudlidliza.

Ukuvala uphawu kuyindawo evame kakhulu yokwehluleka ekufakweni kwangaphandle. I-IEC ichaza ukuthi izilinganiso ze-IP zihlukanisa ukuvikelwa kwe-enclosure ngokumelene nezinto eziqinile kanye noketshezi ngaphansi kwe-IEC 60529, ngakho-ke umfaki kufanele alondoloze ukuvikelwa kokungena okuhlosiwe ngesikhathi sokungena nokuqeda ikhebula.Umhlahlandlela wokulinganisa i-IP we-IEC I-IEC 60529Uma i-cable gland ingalungile noma i-gasket icindezelwe, isilinganiso somkhiqizo asisabalulekile.

Ukuxhuma izintambo kufanele kulandele i-voltage yesistimu kanye nezilungiselelo zompompi zomkhiqizi. I-OSHA idinga ukuthi ukufakwa kwezintambo eziqediwe kungabi nama-short circuits kanye nezindawo ezingahlosiwe, futhi imishini kumele ifakwe ngokuya ngohlu lwayo noma ilebula.I-OSHA 1910.303 Ukuhumusha kwe-OSHA kumishini ebhalwe ohlwini. Kumasistimu e-PA, lokho ngokuvamile kusho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umugqa ungu-70V, 100V, noma u-low-impedance ngaphambi kokunika amandla isekethe.

Izici Zokufaka Ezithinta Ukusebenza Kwe-PA Yangaphandle

Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokufakwa yisilinganiso sokuvikelwa, ukuzwakala kwenkulumo, ukuhambisana komugqa, kanye nokufinyelela kokugcinwa. La maphuzu amane anquma ukuthi isipikha sihlala sisebenziseka yini ngemva kwezinyanga zokuchayeka esimweni sezulu.

Ukuzwakala kwenkulumo kubaluleke kakhulu kunomsindo ongacacile kumasayithi amaningi. I-NFPA 72 ifaka phakathi izidingo zesaziso esikhulu kanye nokuxhumana okuphuthumayo, futhi ihlanganisa lezo zinhlelo ukuze zicacise ukusebenza kwezwi ezimweni eziphuthumayo.I-NFPA 72Ngokwendlela engokoqobo, isikhulumi kumele siqondiswe futhi sinikwe amandla ukuze umyalezo uhlale uqondakala ngaphezu komsindo ozungezile.

Ukufinyelela ekulungiseni kufanele kuhlelwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa, hhayi ngemva kokwehluleka. Ukusetha okuhle kwangaphandle kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwezivalo, amatheminali, kanye namabhuleki ngaphandle kokudiliza yonke iyunithi.

Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa: Izinketho Zokufaka Izipikha Zangaphandle Ezivamile

Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa: Izinketho Zokufaka Izipikha Zangaphandle Ezivamile

Ukufakwa odongeni kuvame ukuba yindlela eshesha kakhulu, kodwa akuyona njalo indlela engcono kakhulu yomsindo. Ukufakwa kwezigxobo ngokuvamile kuthuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa komsindo ezindaweni ezivulekile, kuyilapho ukufakwa kwezigxobo kusebenza kahle lapho izakhiwo zensimbi ezikhona kakade zichaza indawo yokumboza.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokufaka Izintambo Ezisebenzayo Nokuvala

Isigaba sokuxhuma izintambo kanye nokuvala sinquma ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside. Ukwehluleka okuningi kwangaphandle kuvela ekunqandeni okuxegayo, ukukhululeka kokucindezeleka okubi, noma amanzi angena ngembobo engavaliwe.

• Sebenzisa uhlobo lwekhebula olufanele ukuze uthole ukuchayeka ngaphandle kanye nezidingo zekhodi yendawo.
• Gcina ukugoba kwekhebula kuthambile ukuze ugweme ukulimala kwejakethi.
• Faka ama-glands avunyiwe, ama-grommet, noma ama-conduit fittings kuzo zonke izindawo zokungena.
• Faka i-torque kuma-terminal ngokwemiyalelo yomenzi.
• Faka ilebula kusekethe ukuze kulungiswe futhi kuxazululwe izinkinga esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuphepha kukagesi kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kokugcina. Imithetho kagesi ye-OSHA igcizelela nokuthi ukufakwa kwangaphandle kumele kufakwe ngendlela efanele noma kuvikelwe ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe lapho kudingeka khona.I-OSHA 1910.303 Ingxenye Engaphansi kwe-OSHA SLokho kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zomphakathi, ezindaweni zokuthutha, kanye nasezindaweni zezimboni.

Ukuhlolwa Ngemva Kokufakwa

Ukuhlola kufanele kuqinisekise kokubili ukusebenza kanye nokuzwakala kahle. Isikhulumi esivula kodwa singakwazi ukunikeza inkulumo ecacile asikakulungeli ukusebenza.

Qala ngokuhlola okubonakalayo, bese wenza ukuhlola komsindo okuphansi, ukuhlolwa kokumemezela okugcwele, kanye nokuhamba usuka endaweni yokulalela ekude kakhulu. Uma isayithi lisebenzisa imiyalezo ephuthumayo, qinisekisa ukuthi umyalezo uhlala uqondakala esimweni sokusebenza esinomsindo kakhulu. I-NFPA 1221 kanye ne-NFPA 72 zombili zisekela umbono wokuthi izinhlelo zokuxhumana eziphuthumayo kumele zifakwe futhi zigcinwe ukuze zisebenze ngokwethembeka.I-NFPA 1221 I-NFPA 72.

Ngokusho kwezilinganiso zemboni, izinkinga eziningi ze-PA zangaphandle zitholakala kuphela ngemva kwemvula yokuqala enamandla noma ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwesizini. Ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa okufushane ngemva kokufakwa ngemva kokuchayeka esimweni sezulu kuyindlela yokuhlola ikhwalithi esebenzayo.

Ukuthenga kuphi nokuthi yini ongayiqhathanisa

Umhlinzeki ongcono kakhulu yilowo ofanelana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe nezokugcinwa kwesayithi. Kubathengi bephrojekthi, ukuqhathanisa kufanele kugxile ekulinganisweni kwe-enclosure, izesekeli zokufaka, ukuhambisana kwemigqa, kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele kunentengo yodwa.

Amakhasi omkhiqizo afanele kusayithi eliqondiwe afaka phakathiisigaba sezipikha ze-horn, iikhasi lomkhiqizo wesipikha esimelana nesimo sezulu, kanyeisifinyezo semikhiqizoLa makhasi awusizo ekuhloleni amamodeli atholakalayo kanye nezinketho zezesekeli ngaphambi kokuqedela uhlu lwezinto zokwakha.

Kubathengi abaqhathanisa ezinye izindlela, abahlinzeki bemboni asebekhulile bafaka nabakhiqizi abakhulu bekheli lomphakathi kanye nezokuxhumana eziphuthumayo abashicilela amaphepha edatha okufaka anemininingwane kanye nemibhalo yokuthobela imithetho. Isihluthulelo ukuqhathanisa imininingwane ebhalwe phansi, hhayi nje izimangalo zekhathalogi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

1. Yisiphi isinyathelo sokuqala sokufaka isipikha esingangenisi manzi?

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlolwa kwendawo. Abafaki kufanele baqinisekise indawo embozwe yiyo, izinga lomsindo ozungezile, indawo yokufaka, kanye nendlela yekhebula ngaphambi kokubhoboza noma ukuxhuma izintambo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukusatshalaliswa komsindo okungekuhle futhi kunciphisa amathuba okusebenza kabusha ngemva kokuqalisa ukusebenza.

2. Ingabe izipikha ezimelana nesimo sezulu zidinga izivalo noma ama-gland akhethekile?

Yebo. Amayunithi angaphandle adinga ama-cable glands afanele, ama-grommet, noma ama-conduit fittings ukuze kulondolozwe izinga lokuvikelwa kwendawo ebiyelwe. Uma indawo yokungena ingavaliwe kahle, amanzi nothuli kungangena ngisho noma indlu yesipikha ngokwayo ilinganiselwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle.

3. Ingabe izipikha ze-PA zangaphandle kufanele zifakwe phezulu noma phansi?

Ukuphakama okufanele kuncike ku-geometry yendawo kanye nezinga lomsindo. Ukufakwa okuphezulu kuvame ukuthuthukisa ukumbozwa ezindaweni ezivulekile, kuyilapho ukufakwa okuphansi kungasebenza ezindaweni ezincane. Umfakisi kufanele ahlole ukuzwakala kusukela endaweni yokulalela ekude kakhulu ngemva kokufakwa.

4. Yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwezintambo okubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokuvula i-cable?

Ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu yi-polarity, i-line voltage, i-terminal torque, kanye nobuqotho bokufudumeza. I-OSHA idinga ukuthi izintambo zingabi nama-short circuits kanye ne-grounds ezingahlosiwe, futhi imishini kumele ifakwe ngokuya ngohlu lwayo noma ilebula. Lokho kwenza ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokunika amandla kube yinto ebalulekile.

5. Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ukufakwa kuphumelele?

Ukufakwa okuphumelelayo kunikeza inkulumo ecacile ezindaweni zokulalela ezihlosiwe, kuhlala komile ngemva kwemvula, futhi kuhlala kuphephile ngomshini ngaphansi kokudlidliza. Uma umyalezo uqondakala, izivalo zibambekile, futhi ibhulakhethi lihlala liqinile, uhlelo lukulungele ukuseviswa.