Indlela Yokugcina Isandisi-zwi Sezimboni Nesipikha Sefektri Sesistimu Yesandisi-zwi

• Ukugcinwa kufanele kubeke phambili ukuqondakala, hhayi nje kuphela ivolumu, ngoba imiyalezo ephuthumayo kanye neyokukhiqiza kumele iqondwe ngaphansi komsindo omkhulu.
• Ukwehluleka kwesikhulumi sezimboni ngokuvamile kuvela ekucindezelekeni kwemvelo: umswakama, i-spray kasawoti, uthuli, ukudlidliza, kanye nokujikeleza kokushisa.
• Uhlelo oluhle lokulungisa luhlanganisa ukuhlanza, ukuhlolwa kwe-torque, ukuhlolwa kwekhebula, ukuhlolwa kwe-acoustic, kanye nokuhlela ukushintshwa okusekelwe ku-log.
• Sebenzisa izindinganiso ezifana ne-IEC 60268-16 zokuhlola ukudluliselwa kwenkulumo kanye ne-IEC 60529 zokuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kokungena.
• Kumasayithi ephrojekthi, ukulungiswa kulula uma uhlelo lubhalwe ngendawo, i-amplifier, uhlobo lwesipikha, kanye nesikhathi sesevisi.

Ukugcinwa kwesandisi-zwi sezimboni kubalulekile ngoba ukuzwakala kwenkulumo kuvame ukuba yisisulu sangempela sokusebenza, hhayi umkhiqizo ongavuthiwe. I-IEC 60268-16 isetshenziswa kabanzi ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokudlulisa inkulumo, kuyilapho i-IEC 60529 ichaza amazinga okuvikela okuvalekile njenge-IP65 kanye ne-IP66 yokumelana nothuli namanzi; lezo zilinganiso zisiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani amanye amayunithi esipikha sasefektri esinda iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kanti amanye ehluleka kusenesikhathi. Endaweni yokukhiqiza enomsindo, ngisho nohlelo lwesipikha esinamandla lungenza kahle uma ama-grilles evaleka, evala ukuguga, noma izilungiselelo ze-amplifier zishintsha. Uma isayithi lakho lisebenzisaimishini yokuxhumana yezimboni, amadivayisi angangenisi isimo sezulunomaimishini yendawo eyingozi, kuyasebenza indlela efanayo yokulungisa: vikela indawo ebiyelwe, qinisekisa indlela yesignali, bese ubhala phansi ukuhlolwa ngakunye.

Lokho ukulungiswa kwesandisi-zwi sezimboni okuvikela ngempela ohlelweni lwesandisi-zwi

Ukunakekelwa kwesikhulumi sezimboni kuvikela izinto ezintathu: ukuzwakala, isikhathi sokusebenza, kanye nokuhambisana nomthetho.

Empeleni, amaqembu amaningi ezitshalo aqaphela inkinga kuphela ngemva kokuba imiyalezo isibe nzima ukuyiqonda, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi imbangela ivame ukuhlangana. Ukwanda kothuli kunciphisa ukuphuma kwe-acoustic, ama-terminal agqwalile anezela ukumelana, futhi ukungena kwamanzi kushintsha ukuziphatha komshayeli. Isipikha sasefektri esibukeka siphelele sisengalahlekelwa ukucaca uma i-diaphragm ikhathele noma i-transformer ishisa kakhulu.

Ezindaweni zezimboni, umgomo wokulungisa kufanele ulinganiswe. Ukudluliselwa kwenkulumo kuvame ukuhlolwa ngezindlela eziqondile, futhi i-IEC 60268-16 inikeza uhlaka olujwayelekile lokuhlolwa kwenkomba yokudluliselwa kwenkulumo. Lokho kubalulekile ngoba umlayezo omkhulu ohlanekezelwe ungaba usizo kangako kunowokuthula kodwa ocacile. Ekuxhumaneni okuphuthumayo, ukucaca kusindisa isikhathi, kunciphisa ukudideka, futhi kunciphisa amathuba okuphazamisa abasebenzi ngesikhathi sokuphuma.

Kukhona futhi i-angle yezindleko zokusebenza. Ngokusho kwesiqondiso se-US OSHA, ukuxhumana okuphuthumayo kumele kube nokwethenjelwa ngokwanele ukusekela ukususwa okuphephile kanye nokuhlela impendulo ezindaweni zokusebenza, yingakho izingodo zokuhlola kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kungeyona into yokuzikhethela ezindaweni ezilawulwayo. Kumaqembu onjiniyela, ukulungiswa kuyingxenye yokulawula izingozi, hhayi umsebenzi wobuhle.

Izindlela zokwehluleka kwesipikha sezimboni kanye nesipikha sasefektri okufanele uzilindele

Ukwehluleka kwezipikha eziningi zezimboni kubikezelwa uma indawo iyaziwa.

Umswakama ophezulu, isifutho sikasawoti, uthuli, kanye nokudlidliza yizona zinto ezivame kakhulu ekufakweni kwezipikha zasefektri. Uma indawo iseduze nemigqa yokuwasha, amachweba olwandle, izindawo zokucubungula ukudla, noma izindawo zokulayisha zangaphandle, indawo ebiyelwe kanye nezixhumi ziba izindawo zokuqala ezibuthakathaka. Uchungechunge olujwayelekile lokwehluleka luqala ngokuwohloka kwesivalo, bese kuba ukungena komswakama, bese kuba ukushiswa komoya, bese kuba umsindo oqhubekayo noma ukwehluleka komshayeli okuphelele.

Ukudlidliza kungenye into efihliwe. Ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza, ukudlidliza okuphindaphindiwe kwemishini kungakhulula izibambo kanye namabhulokhi okugcina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yingakho isikhulumi sefektri esifakwe ohlakeni lwensimbi kufanele sihlolwe ukuthi sinomfutho ongakanani kanye nokukhululeka kokucindezeleka kwekhebula, ikakhulukazi uma uhlelo lwesikhulumi lufakwe eduze kokucindezela, ama-conveyor, noma imishini esindayo.

Ukujikeleza kwezinga lokushisa nakho kubalulekile. Izikhulumi zangaphandle nezingaphandle zingakhula futhi zinciphe nsuku zonke, zinciphise kancane kancane izivalo futhi zidale izikhala ezincane ezivumela uthuli nomswakama ukuthi kungene. Kulezo zimo, impendulo efanele yokulungisa akuyona nje ukuhlanza; kuwukuqinisekisa kabusha njalo ubuqotho bendawo ebiyelwe kanye nokushintsha ama-gasket agugayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukwehluleka.

Indlela yokugcina uhlelo lwe-loudspeaker isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Inqubo yokuhlola ehlelekile iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokugcina inethiwekhi yesipikha sezimboni ithembekile.

1. Qala ngokuhlola ngamehlo izindawo ezivalekile, ama-grille, ama-bracket, kanye nama-cable glands.
2. Hlola imifantu, ukugqwala, izimpawu zamanzi, umonakalo we-UV, kanye nehadiwe engekho.
3. Qinisekisa isimo se-amplifier, amalebula ezoni, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkomba zamaphutha kusilawuli.
4. Dlala isimemezelo sokuhlolwa bese ulalela ukuhlanekezelwa, ukuguguleka, noma ukumbozwa okungalingani.
5. Linganisa umphumela ezindaweni ezibalulekile bese uwuqhathanisa nokufundwa okuyisisekelo.
6. Bhala phansi usuku lokuhlolwa, indawo ethintekile, kanye nesinyathelo sokulungisa.

Amaqembu okulungisa amahle kakhulu asebenza ngendawo. Lokho kusho ukuthi isipikha ngasinye sezimboni sixhunywe endaweni, injongo, kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza obamukelekayo. Isibonelo, isipikha sephansi lokukhiqiza singase samukeleke kuphrofayili yokucindezela komsindo ehlukile kunesipikha sephaseji ngoba umsindo wangemuva awufani kuyo yonke indawo. Le ndlela esekelwe endaweni yenza ukuxazulula izinkinga kusheshe futhi isize ekuvimbeleni ukushintshwa okungadingekile.

Ukuhlanza kumele kuqaphelwe. I-grille yesipikha sefektri kufanele ihlanzwe ngezindlela ezihambisana nezinto ezivalekile kanye nesilinganiso se-IP. Amanzi anomfutho ophezulu akufanele asetshenziswe ngaphandle kokuthi umklamo womkhiqizo uwusekela ngokusobala. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa izindlela zokuhlanza ezinobungozi obuphansi ezisusa uthuli, inkungu kawoyela, kanye nezinsalela zikasawoti ngaphandle kokuphoqa ukungcola endlini.

Ngokuvumelana neI-ISO 7240-16, izinhlelo ze-alamu yezwi kulindeleke ukuthi zisekele ukuxhumana okuphuthumayo okuthembekile, futhi lokho kulindela kuthinta indlela ukulungiswa okuhleliwe ngayo. Uma uhlelo lwe-loudspeaker lusetshenziselwa ukuthutha noma izaziso zesitshalo, imvamisa yokuhlola kufanele ibe mfushane kuneyokubhala izikhala njalo.

Izindinganiso ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa kwesipikha sezimboni kanye nezipikha zasefektri

Izindinganiso zinikeza amaqembu okulungisa ulimi olufanayo lokuhlola nokwamukela.

I-IEC 60529 ichaza amazinga okuvikelwa anikezwa yizindawo ezivalekile, okuhlanganisa nezilinganiso ezivamile njenge-IP65 kanye ne-IP66. Kwisipikha sasefektri esifakwe ezindaweni ezinothuli noma ezimanzi, leso silinganiso asiyona nje inothi lekhathalogi; siyindlela yokulungisa. Uma amanzi noma uthuli kungena endaweni evalekile, idivayisi ingase isakhipha umsindo, kodwa isivele ingaphandle kwesimo sayo sokusebenza esihlosiwe.

I-IEC 60268-16 ibalulekile ngoba ikhuluma ngekhwalithi yokudluliselwa kwenkulumo. Ngokuphathelene nokubhala izikhala zezimboni, imiyalelo ephuthumayo, kanye nezimemezelo ze-alamu, ukuqondakala yi-KPI yangempela. Uhlelo olunomsindo kodwa olungacacile lunganciphisa ukuphuma noma lubangele imiyalelo engafanele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomsindo lapho umsindo wangemuva ungadlula khona ama-dB angu-85 kwezinye izindawo ngokwemigomo yokulondolozwa kokuzwa kwe-OSHA.

Ngokuphathelene nokuqeqeshwa kokufakwa kanye nokugcinwa kwamadokhumenti, amaqembu amaningi athembele kumarekhodi okuhlola ahlelekile kanye nezinqubo zokwamukelwa kwesayithi. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuqopha uhlobo lwesipikha, ukuthepha kwamandla, indawo yokumboza, ukuphakama kokukhweza, kanye nomphumela wokuhlolwa. Leyo mibhalo yiyo eyenza ukulungiswa kamuva kube ngcono.

Ukuze ukhethe umkhiqizo, kusiza ukuqhathanisa imindeni yemishini ngokuqina kanye nokusebenziseka kwayo. Uma isayithi lakho likhula, ungadinga ingxube yeamadivayisi okuxhumana kwe-analog, Amadivayisi asekelwe ku-IP, futhiamayunithi okuxhumana okuphuthumayo. Umqondo ofanayo uyasebenza ekunakekelweni kwesipikha: hlela ngendlela efanayo lapho kungenzeka khona, kodwa ubhale phansi lapho izinhlobo zamadivayisi zihluka khona.

Indlela yokuxazulula izinkinga zesipikha sezimboni ngaphambi kokuba zingasebenzi

Indlela esheshayo yokuxazulula inkinga yesistimu yesipikha ukuthola ukuthi inkinga ingugesi, i-acoustic, noma imvelo.

Uma isikhulumi sithule, hlola isiteshi se-amplifier, ukuqhubeka komugqa, kanye ne-zone fuse kuqala. Uma okuphumayo kubuthakathaka kodwa kukhona, hlola ama-transformer taps, ukumelana nekhebula, kanye nomonakalo ongase ube khona wamanzi. Uma umsindo uphambene, inkinga ingaba umshayeli owonakele, ukunqunywa kwe-amplifier, noma i-grille ekhululekile ebangela umsindo.

Indlela elula yasensimini ukuqhathanisa isikhulumi esisodwa esisolwayo sefektri neyunithi eyaziwayo endaweni efanayo. Uma inkinga ilandela isikhulumi, iphutha lisendaweni. Uma inkinga ihlala endaweni, izintambo noma i-amplifier cishe iyimbangela eyinhloko. Lokho kuqhathanisa okukodwa kungonga amahora kunethiwekhi yesipikha sezimboni esinezindawo eziningi.

Amaqembu okulungisa kufanele futhi ahlole ukushayela ngokweqile. Kumasistimu emigqa engu-100 V, izilungiselelo zokuthepha ezingalungile zingalayisha kakhulu i-amplifier futhi zidale ukuphazamiseka isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukwehluleka okukhulu. Uphawu lungase lubukeke njengesipikha esibi, kodwa inkinga yangempela ivame ukuba ukuwohloka komklamo wesistimu ngemva kokunwetshwa noma ukulungiswa kabusha kwesayithi.

Uma ukwehluleka kuphinda endaweni efanayo, funa izimbangela zemvelo. Isipikha se-loading dock esivezwe ku-spray, ukudlidliza kwe-forklift, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kuzohluleka ngendlela ehlukile kuneyunithi ye-corridor yangaphakathi ehlanzekile. Ukulungiswa okufanele kungaba yindawo engcono yokuvala, i-bracket ehlukile yokufaka, noma ukufuduka esikhundleni sokushintsha okuphindaphindiwe.

Ukukhetha izikhawu zokulungisa zenethiwekhi yesipikha sefektri

Izikhawu zokulungisa kufanele zibonise ubucayi bendawo, hhayi nje ukulula kwekhalenda.

Isitshalo sangaphakathi esihlanzekile singavame ukusebenza ngokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwekota, kuyilapho indawo yangaphandle noma yokuhlanza ingadinga ukuhlolwa nyanga zonke. Izindawo eziyingozi noma eziphuthumayo kufanele zihlolwe kaningi ngoba izindleko zokwehluleka ziphakeme. Uma uhlelo lwesipikha lusekela ama-alamu, ukuphuma, noma izimemezelo ezibalulekile zokushintsha, luphathe njengemishini yokuphepha empilweni kunehadiwe evamile ye-AV.

Ukuze kube nomodeli wokuhlela osebenzayo, izindawo eziningi zezimboni zisebenzisa ishejuli enezigaba ezintathu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwanyanga zonke kwezindawo eziveziwe, ezimanzi, ezinothuli, noma ezidlidliza kakhulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwekota kwezindawo zokukhiqiza ezijwayelekile kanye nezindawo zangaphandle ezimboziwe.
• Isevisi yaminyaka yonke yokubuyekezwa okugcwele kwe-acoustic, ukushintshwa kwesivalo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwamadokhumenti.

Le ndlela isekela nokuhlelwa kwesabelomali. Esikhundleni sokushintsha zonke izipikha zezimboni lapho kuqala ukuguguleka, ushintsha kuphela amayunithi abonisa ukuwohloka okulinganiselwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokho kunciphisa ingcindezi yesitoko esisele futhi kugwema isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingalindelekile.

Kumaqembu okuthenga onjiniyela, isipikha esingcono kakhulu esinobungani nokugcinwa akusona esibiza kakhulu. Yilesi esinokufinyelela okucacile kokufakelwa, izingxenye ezingashintshwa, ukwesekwa kokuhlinzekwa okuzinzile, kanye nesigaba sokuvikelwa okubhaliwe. Yingakho amaqembu amaningi ephrojekthi eqhathanisa hhayi nje kuphela ukuphuma komsindo kodwa futhi nokulungiselelwa, ukutholakala okusele, kanye nokuhlelwa kokufakwa ngaphambi kokuqedela uhlelo lwesipikha.

Yeka ukuthi imibhalo ibukeka kahle kanjani ekunakekelweni kwesikhulumi sezimboni

Imibhalo emihle iguqula ukulungiswa kube inqubo ephindaphindwayo.

Isipikha ngasinye sezimboni kufanele sibe nerekhodi elihlanganisa indawo, imodeli, ukumpompa kwamandla, usuku lokufakwa, ikilasi lokuvikelwa, umphumela wokugcina wokuhlolwa, kanye nomlando wokufaka esikhundleni. Uma isayithi linezakhiwo eziningi noma izindawo zokukhiqiza, engeza ireferensi yemephu noma i-ID yempahla. Lokhu kwenza ukulandelela amaphutha kusheshe kakhulu lapho kuvela inkinga yokushintsha ikhasi ngesikhathi sokushintsha noma ukujima okuphuthumayo.

Amalogi okulungisa kufanele futhi abambe indlela yokuhlola. Inothi elithi “kuhlolwe KULUNGILE” alisizi kangako kunelo eliqopha umphumela olinganisiwe, ukuhlanekezelwa okubonwe, kanye nokwahlulela kokuzwakala ngendawo. Uma idatha ihambisana kakhulu, kuba lula ukubona izitayela zokuwohloka ngaphambi kokuba ukwehluleka kubonakale.

Kumasayithi anezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezixubile, inkambo efanayo yokubhala imibhalo ingasetshenziswa kuyo yonke imindeni yamadivayisi. Isibonelo, isitshalo singase sisebenziseizinhlelo ze-intercom, amayunithi ezimo eziphuthumayo, kanye namanethiwekhi ezipikha zasefektri ndawonye, ​​ngakho-ke irejista yempahla kufanele ibonise ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye inikela kanjani ekugelezeni okufanayo kokuxhumana.

Ngokusho kwesiqondiso se-NIST mayelana nezimiso zokulandelela ukulinganisa, izinqumo zokulungisa eziphindaphindwayo zincike ekulinganisweni okuqhubekayo kanye nezinqubo ezibhalwe phansi. Leso simiso sisebenza ngqo ekuhlolweni kwe-loudspeaker: uma ungalinganisi ngendlela efanayo isikhathi ngasinye, awukwazi ukufakazela ngokuthembekile ukuthuthuka noma ukwehla.

Imikhuba emihle kakhulu eyandisa impilo yesipikha sezimboni

Izinhlelo ezihlala isikhathi eside yizo ezivikelwe ekucindezelekeni okungagwenywa.

Sebenzisa isilinganiso esifanele sokuvalelwa endaweni ezungezile, gwema ukugeleza kwekhebula elincane, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isipikha sifakiwe ukuze amanzi angahlangani ku-grille noma ku-bracket. Gcina ukufinyelela kwesevisi kucacile nxazonke zeyunithi ukuze ochwepheshe bakwazi ukuyihlola ngaphandle kokulimaza indlu. Uma indawo isebenzisa ama-washdowns avamile, qinisekisa ukuthi amakhemikhali okuhlanza ayahambisana nezinto zokuvalelwa kanye nomklamo we-gasket.

Ukukhetha okubili kokuklama kwenza ukulungiswa kube lula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Okokuqala, sebenzisa ihadiwe yokufaka ejwayelekile lapho kungenzeka khona ukuze ukushintshwa kusheshe. Okwesibili, gcina amayunithi asele noma izingxenye ezibalulekile ezisele ezindaweni lapho isikhathi sokungasebenzi sibiza khona. Ezindaweni eziningi zezimboni, ukwehluleka okubizayo kakhulu akusikho isipikha ngokwaso; ukubambezeleka kokubuyisela ukuxhumana.

Uma iphrojekthi yakho ihlanganisa izindawo zangaphandle ezinzima noma ezilawulwayo, ungase ufune namadivayisi akhelwe ukuchayeka esimweni sezulu noma ukusetshenziswa okuphuthumayo, njengokuthiizixazululo zocingo zezimbonikanye nezindawo zokuxhumana ezihlobene. Lezo zigaba zivame ukuba nezinto ezibalulekile zokuthembeka: ubuqotho be-enclosure, ukusebenziseka kalula, kanye nokutholakala kwesikhathi eside.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kufanele ihlolwe kangaki i-loudspeaker yezimboni?

Ukuhlolwa kwesandisi-zwi sezimboni kuvame ukwenziwa njalo ngenyanga ezindaweni ezinzima kanye nekota ngayinye ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zangaphakathi, kanye nesevisi ejulile yonyaka yokubhala amadokhumenti kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-acoustic.

Yisiphi isizathu esivame kakhulu sokwehluleka kwesipikha sefektri?

Ukungena komswakama nokugqwala kuphakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona uthuli, isifutho sikasawoti, ukujiya, noma ukuchayeka ekugezeni.

Kungani ukuqondakala kwenkulumo kubaluleke kakhulu kunomsindo omkhulu?

Ngoba abasebenzi kumele baqonde umyalezo ngokucacile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-alamu nezimo eziphuthumayo; isimemezelo esikhulu kodwa esiphambene singanciphisa impendulo futhi sandise ingozi.

Yisiphi isimiso esisetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuvikelwa kwesipikha othulini nasemanzini?

I-IEC 60529 ichaza izilinganiso ze-IP, okuhlanganisa amazinga okuvikela ajwayelekile njenge-IP65 kanye ne-IP66.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi inkinga iyinkinga yisikhulumi noma i-amplifier?

Shintshanisa isipikha esaziwayo noma uhlole iyunithi esolwayo kwenye indawo; uma iphutha lilandela isipikha, idivayisi cishe inephutha, kuyilapho inkinga yendawo eqhubekayo ivame ukukhomba izinkinga zokuxhuma ucingo noma ze-amplifier.

Ingabe ukuhlanza kungalimaza isandisi-zwi sezimboni?

Yebo, uma kusetshenziswa amanzi anomfutho ophezulu noma amakhemikhali angahambisani. Ukuhlanza kufanele kuhambisane nezinto ezivalekile kanye nesilinganiso se-IP.

Yini okufanele iqoshwe encwadini yokulungisa?

Qopha indawo, imodeli, ukumpompa kagesi, usuku lokuhlola, umphumela olinganisiwe, amaphutha abonakalayo, isenzo sokulungisa, nanoma yiziphi izingxenye ezithathelwe indawo.