Amafoni Ayisi-7 Aphezulu Avikela Ukuqhuma Kokuphepha Kwezimboni

Isingeniso

Ezindaweni zezimboni eziyingozi, idivayisi yeselula engalungile ingaguqula ukuxhumana okuvamile kube ingozi yokushisa. Lesi sihloko sihlola amafoni ayisikhombisa angaqhumi aklanyelwe izindawo ezinegesi evuthayo, umusi, noma uthuli oluvuthayo, sigxile ezicini ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokuphepha. Uzofunda ukuthi la madivayisi ahluke kanjani kuma-smartphone ajwayelekile, yiziphi izitifiketi nezilinganiso zokuvikela okufanele zihlolwe, nokuthi izici ezifana nokwakheka kwebhethri, ukuqina, ukwesekwa kwenethiwekhi, kanye nokusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwezandla zithinta kanjani ukusebenza kwensimu. Ukubuka konke kuhloselwe ukusiza abaphathi bezokuphepha, onjiniyela, kanye namaqembu okuthenga ukuthi baqhathanise izinketho ngokuzethemba ngaphambi kokungena ekuhlukanisweni komkhiqizo okuningiliziwe.

Kungani Amafoni Avikela Ukuqhuma Ebalulekile Ekuphepheni Kwezimboni

Izindawo zezimboni ezibonakala ngokuba khona kwamagesi avuthayo, umusi, noma uthuli oluvuthayo zidinga ingqalasizinda yokuxhumana ekhethekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuqhubeka kokusebenza kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi. Amadivayisi ajwayelekile eselula abathengi aletha izingozi ezinkulu zokusha kulezi zindawo eziyingozi, okwenza ukusetshenziswaamafoni angangeni ukuqhumaumyalo obalulekile wokuthobela imithetho nokuphepha.

Lawa madivayisi akhethekile, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-smartphone aphephile ngokwemvelo, aklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwamandla kagesi noma okushisa anele ukuze kuvuselelwe ingxube ethile eyingozi yomoya. Ukusebenzisa isu lokuxhumana kweselula eliqinile kusetshenziswa lawa madivayisi aqinisekisiwe kunciphisa ngqo amathuba ezigameko zezimboni eziyingozi ngenkathi kuvumela ukushintshaniswa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nokusebenzisana okude.

Indlela amafoni angaqhumi ngayo anciphisa ngayo izingozi zokuxhumana

Ama-electronics ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ngabathengi aveza ama-vector amaningi okushisa, okuhlanganisa ama-short circuits ebhethri, ukukhishwa kwe-electrostatic, kanye nokushisa ngokweqile kwezingxenye. Ibhethri le-smartphone elivamile lingakhiqiza kalula i-micro-spark edlula ama-millijoule angu-0.25 (mJ), edlula amandla amancane okushisa adingekayo ezingxubeni eziningi ze-hydrocarbon-air eziguquguqukayo.

Amafoni angaqhumi anciphisa lezi zingozi ngezimiso zokuphepha zangaphakathi. Ngokukhawulela ngokuqinile amandla kagesi kanye ne-voltage etholakalayo kumjikelezo wedivayisi—ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu zamaphutha—lawa mafoni aqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukushaqeka okungenzeka kuhlala kungaphansi kakhulu kwemingcele ebalulekile yokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokuphatha ukushisa ezithuthukisiwe zivimbela amazinga okushisa aphezulu, zivimbela idivayisi ukuthi isebenze njengomthombo wokushisa okushisa ngisho nangesikhathi semisebenzi yokucubungula ejulile noma ukudluliswa kwamaselula isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-+60°C.

Izimboni kanye nezimo eziyingozi ezizidingayo

Isidingo samadivayisi okuxhumana angaqhumi sihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi yezimboni.imboni kawoyela negesi, imisebenzi yokubhoboza engenhla kanye nezindawo zokucwenga ezingezansi komfula zisebenza njalo ngaphakathi kwe-ATEX Zone 1 (amagesi) kanye ne-Zone 2. Izitshalo zokucubungula amakhemikhali zidinga amadivayisi aphephile ngokwemvelo ukuphatha izingozi ezihambisana nezinyibilikisi ezishintshashintshayo, imishini efuna amandla engeke iqhume ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile noma ukuwa ngengozi.

Ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali e-petrochemicals, ezolimo,imikhakha yezimayini, kanye neyemithizibhekene nezingozi ezinkulu zothuli oluvuthayo. Izindawo zokuphatha okusanhlamvu kanye nemisebenzi yokugaya imithi ivame ukuhlukaniswa njengezindawo eziyingozi ze-Zone 21 noma ze-Zone 22. Kulezi zindawo, ukuqongelela kothuli oluvuthayo kudivayisi ejwayelekile kungaholela ekugubungeni kokushisa kanye nokusha okulandelayo. Amafoni angaqhumi aklanyelwe izindawo zothuli anesivikelo esikhethekile sokungena ukuze avale ngokuphelele izinhlayiya, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kulezi zimo eziguquguqukayo kakhulu.

Yini Echaza Ucingo Oluvikela Ukuqhuma

Ukuhlonza ifoni engaqhumi kudinga ukubheka ngale kwezimangalo zokumaketha ezijwayelekile eziqinile. Amadivayisi angempela angaqhumi achazwa yisethi eqinile yezitifiketi zomhlaba wonke, ubunjiniyela behadiwe obukhethekile, kanye nezici zokuphepha ezizinikele ezenzelwe ngqo abasebenzi bezimboni abasengozini enkulu.

Lawa madivayisi kumele alinganisele izidingo zokubala zesofthiwe yezimboni yesimanje nemikhawulo eqinile yamandla edingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe ukuphepha kwangaphakathi, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zeselula ezikhethekile kakhulu.

Izitifiketi, izilinganiso zokungena, kanye nezindinganiso zokuphepha zangaphakathi

Incazelo eyisisekelo yocingo olungaqhumi isekelwe ezitifiketini zalo zomthetho. Amadivayisi kumele ahambisane nezindinganiso zesifunda nezamazwe ngamazwe njengeIsiqondiso se-ATEX 2014/34/EUeYurophu, i-IECEx emhlabeni jikelele, kanye ne-UL913 noma amazinga e-Class/Division eNyakatho Melika. Lezi zitifiketi zinquma ngqo ukuthi yiziphi izindawo eziyingozi (isb., i-Zone 1/21 yengozi ephezulu, i-Zone 2/22 yengozi ephansi) idivayisi evunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukungena kuzo.

Okuhambisana nokuphepha kwangaphakathi kukhona ukungena ngokweqile kanye nezilinganiso zokuqina. Izidingo ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi isitifiketi se-IP68, okuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ingamelana nokucwiliswa emanzini kufikela kumamitha ayi-1.5 okungenani imizuzu engama-30, kanye nokuvikelwa okuphelele ekungeneni kothuli oluncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa madivayisi kumele aphumelele ukuhlolwa okuqinile kokuwa, okuvame ukuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-MIL-STD-810H, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izithiyo zangaphakathi eziphephile zihlala zinjalo ngisho nangemva kokuwa okuphindaphindwayo kwamamitha ayi-1.2 kukhonkolo eqinile.

Umklamo webhethri, ukusunduza ukuze ukhulume, kanye nezici zomsebenzi oyedwa

Ukwakhiwa kwebhethri kulawulwa kakhulu ocingweni olungangenisi ukuqhuma. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushiswa kokushisa futhi kuncishiswe amandla amaphutha atholakalayo, amandla ebhethri avame ukulinganiselwa, ngokuvamile asukela phakathi kuka-3000 mAh no-4400 mAh kumadivayisi e-Zone 1. Lawa mabhethri ahlanganiswe unomphela noma adinga amathuluzi akhethekile okususwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqamuka ngengozi endaweni eyingozi, okungadala umugqa obulalayo.

Ngaphandle kokuphepha kwehadiwe, lawa mafoni achazwa izici zawo zokusebenza. Izinkinobho ze-Push-to-Talk (PTT) ezinikezelwe zivumela ukuxhumana okusheshayo, okufana nomsakazo ngamanethiwekhi eselula, okubalulekile kubasebenzi abagqoke amagilavu ​​​​avikelayo asindayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Lone Worker Protection (LWP) ehlanganisiwe isebenzisa ama-accelerometer nama-gyroscope efoni ukuthola okungahambi kahle; isibonelo, ukuhlonza ukuthambekela kwamadigri angu-60 okubonisa ukuthi isisebenzi siwile, noma ukuwa okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzwana engu-0.5, okudala ngokuzenzakalelayo izinqubo ze-SOS eziphuthumayo kanye nezixhumanisi ze-GPS zokusakaza.

Amafoni Aphezulu Angu-7 Aqinisekisa Ukuqhuma Aqhathaniswa

Imakethe yamafoni angaqhumi ikhethekile kakhulu, ibuswa yiqembu elikhethiwe labakhiqizi abatshala imali eningi kubunjiniyela bokuthobela imithetho. Ukukhetha imodeli efanele kudinga ukuhlola ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo eziyingozi ezithile zesikhungo ngokuqhathanisa namakhono okusebenza kwedivayisi.

Nakuba ama-smartphone ajwayelekile encintisana ngokulungiswa kwekhamera nosayizi we-bezel, amamodeli angaqhumi ancintisana ngokuqina, ububanzi besitifiketi, kanye nokusebenza okuqhubekayo ezindaweni zezimboni ezibucayi.

Indlela amamodeli aphezulu angu-7 aqhathaniswa ngayo

Amadivayisi ahamba phambili emakethe ephephile ngokwemvelo anikeza imininingwane ehlukahlukene ehambisana nezidingo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ithebula elingezansi lichaza ukuthi amamodeli ayisikhombisa avelele aqhathaniswa kanjani kuzo zonke izilinganiso ezibalulekile zezimboni.

Amamodeli aklanyelwe izindawo ze-Zone 1/21 aqukethe imikhawulo yamandla eqinile kakhulu, kanti amadivayisi e-Zone 2, njenge-Sonim RS60 noma ama-iPhone e-Atexxo aguquliwe, anikeza amandla aphezulu ebhethri kanye nezici ezibanzi ezifana nezabathengi ngenxa yemikhawulo yokulawula ekhululekile kancane.

Ukushintshana okubalulekile phakathi kwezinketho eziholayo

Ukukhetha phakathi kwala mamodeli aphezulu kudinga ukubheka izindlela ezahlukene zokushintshana. Ukuvumelana okubaluleke kakhulu kuphakathi kwesici sefomu kanye nesilinganiso sendawo enobungozi. Amadivayisi aqinisekisiwe e-Zone 1 asebenzisa izimbiza zangaphakathi ezisindayo kanye nezimbobo ezikhethekile ezingaholeli ugesi, okuvame ukusunduza isisindo sedivayisi ngaphezu kwamagremu angu-300 futhi kuholele kuphrofayili enkulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amadivayisi e-Zone 2 alula futhi asondelene nobuhle babathengi kodwa awakwazi ukuthathwa ngokomthetho ezindaweni zezitshalo eziguquguqukayo kakhulu.

Okunye ukuhwebelana okubalulekile kuhilela ukusebenza komsindo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphila kwebhethri. Izindawo zezimboni zivame ukwedlula ama-decibel angu-90 (dB) omsindo ozungezile. Amadivayisi afana ne-Ecom Smart-Ex 02 kanye ne-i.safe MOBILE IS530.1 afaka izipikha ezibheke phambili ezikhulisiwe ezicindezela ngaphezu kwama-dB angu-95 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiyalezo ye-PTT iyazwakala. Kodwa-ke, ukushayela lezi zipikha ezikhipha kakhulu kanye nokulandelela okuqhubekayo kwe-GPS kokuphepha kwabasebenzi bodwa kuqeda ngokushesha amabhethri aphephile, ngokuvamile kudinga izinqubo zokuphatha amandla eziqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi iphila isikhathi sokusebenza esijwayelekile samahora angu-12.

Indlela Yokuqhathanisa Izindleko Nezinto Zokuthenga

Ukuthenga amafoni angaqhumi kumelela izindleko ezinkulu zemali, izindleko zamayunithi ngamanye ngokuvamile zisukela ku-$1,200 kumadivayisi e-Zone 2 kuya ku-$3,500 kuma-smartphone e-Zone 1 ahamba phambili. Ukuhlola la madivayisi kudinga ukuhlaziywa kwezezimali okuphelele okudlulela ngale kwentengo yokuqala yokuthenga.

Abaphathi bokuhamba kwebhizinisi kumele babale Izindleko Zobunikazi Eziphelele (i-TCO) ngokucabangela izinto zokuhambisa, ukuphathwa komjikelezo wokuphila, kanye nezindleko ezifihliwe zokungasebenzi kwedivayisi ezindaweni ezibalulekile emsebenzini.

Izindlela eziveza izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi

Ukuthengwa kwehadiwe kokuqala ngokuvamile kubalelwa ku-40% kuya ku-50% kuphela wezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi befoni engaqhumi. Izindleko ezisele zisatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amalayisense esofthiwe, ukuthengwa okukhethekile kwezingxenye ezingaphandle, kanye nokusekelwa kwe-IT okuqhubekayo. Ngenxa yokuthi la madivayisi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinzima, ukuguguleka komshini kuyasheshiswa; noma kunjalo, isimo sawo esiqinile sisho ukuthi umjikelezo wokushintshwa ngokuvamile uyiminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5, uma kuqhathaniswa nomjikelezo weminyaka eyi-1 kuya kwemi-2 wamadivayisi abathengi ezindaweni zezimboni.

Isikhathi sokungasebenzi yisilinganiso esibaluleke kakhulu ekubalweni kwe-TCO. Uma idivayisi yomthengi ihluleka endaweni yokuhluza, isisebenzi asikwazi ukushintsha ibhethri noma ukusebenzisa ifoni yomthengi yesikhashana, njengoba ukwenza kanjalo kwephula imigomo yokuphepha. Izindleko zesisebenzi esingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, noma izinhlawulo ezingaba khona zokwephulwa komthetho, zidlula kakhulu iphrimiyamu ekhokhwayo yedivayisi eqinisekisiwe ephephile ngokwengqondo enesilinganiso sokwehluleka kwehadiwe sonyaka esingaphansi kwe-1%.

Ukuthola, isevisi, izingxenye ezisele, i-MDM, kanye nokusekelwa kwenkampani

Ukuthengwa kwempahla okunesu kudinga ukuhlola ukwesekwa kwabathengisi kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla. Abakhiqizi noma abasabalalisi abakhethekile bavame ukusebenzisa i-Minimum Order Quantities (MOQs), ngokuvamile kusukela kumayunithi ayi-10 kuya kwangu-50 ngamanani aqondile ebhizinisi kanye nokunikezwa kwe-firmware ngokwezifiso. Izinhlangano kumele futhi ziqinisekise ukufinyelela okuqinisekisiwe ezingxenyeni ezisele eziqinisekisiwe; ukufaka isikrini noma ibhethri kudivayisi ephephile ngokwemvelo kudinga izikhungo zesevisi ezigunyaziwe ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwesitifiketi se-ATEX/IECEx.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhono okuhlanganisa anquma ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Amadivayisi kumele asekele ukubhaliswa kwe-zero-touch kanye nokuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo ne-Ukuphathwa Kwamadivayisi Eselula (i-MDM)amapulatifomu okucindezela ama-patches okuphepha kude. Ukusekelwa kwabathwali kubaluleke ngokulinganayo; amaqembu okuthenga kumele aqinisekise ukuthi ihadiwe ekhethiwe iqinisekisiwe kumanethiwekhi azimele ezimboni ze-LTE/5G (njenge-CBRS band 48) noma amanethiwekhi okuphepha komphakathi akhethekile njenge-FirstNet, okuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungaphazanyiswa ezindaweni zezimboni ezikude noma ezivikelwe kakhulu.

Indlela Yokukhetha Ucingo Olufanele Oluvikela Ukuqhuma

Ukukhetha ifoni efanelekile engaqhumi kudinga indlela ehlelekile evumelana nokuthobela imithetho nokwamukelwa komsebenzisi. Idivayisi engahambisani ingaholela ezikweletini zokuphepha ezinkulu, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwensimu, kanye nemali echithwayo.

Ngokuhlela inqubo yokukhetha ngokuphathelene nokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuhlolwa kwensimu okuqinile, izinhlangano zingasebenzisa ngokuzethemba i-imikhumbi yezokuxhumana yeselulaokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwesikhungo.

Inqubo yokukhetha isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Inqubo yokukhetha kumele iqale ngokuhlolwa okuphelele kwendawo. Izikhulu zokuphepha kumele zihlele indawo ukuze zithole isilinganiso esiqondile sezindawo ze-Zone 1 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Zone 2. Uma u-10% kuphela wesikhungo uhlukaniswa njenge-Zone 1, ukulinganisa ngokuphelele kumadivayisi abizayo e-Zone 1 kungase kungadingeki; ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi exubile kungathuthukisa isabelomali. Okulandelayo, iminyango ye-IT kumele ichaze izidingo zesofthiwe, iqinisekise ukuthi amadivayisi akhethiwe asekela amazinga adingekayo e-Android Enterprise Recommended noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile zokulungisa eziqondene nawo.

Ngemva kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, izinhlangano kufanele zenze uhlelo lokuhlola oluhlelekile. Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka amayunithi okuhlola amamodeli akhethiwe angu-2 kuya kwangu-5 endaweni yokusebenza yangempela isikhathi sokuhlola sezinsuku ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-90. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, izisebenzi zasensimini zihlola amadivayisi ngenkathi zigqoke Imishini Yokuzivikela Yomuntu Siqu (i-PPE) ejwayelekile, zihlola ukuphendula kwesikrini ngamagilavu ​​​​asindayo futhi zihlola ukucaca komsindo we-PTT eduze kwemishini esebenzayo.

Izindlela zokuthatha isinqumo sohlu lokugcina olufushane

Lapho beqeda uhlu olufushane, abenzi bezinqumo kufanele bahlole amadivayisi ngokwemigomo eqinile yebhizinisi eyenzelwe izindawo eziyingozi. I-matrix engezansi iqokomisa izici ezibalulekile zokuhlukanisa okufanele zihlolwe ngesikhathi sesigaba sokugcina sokukhetha.

Isinqumo sokugcina kumele kube ukuvumelana phakathi komnyango we-HSE (Health, Safety, and Environment), oqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amabhokisi okuthobela imithetho ayahlolwa, kanye nabasebenzisi bokugcina, okuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi iyasebenza cishe. Idivayisi ehlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso zomthetho kodwa ene-interface enzima kakhulu ukusebenza ngamagilavu ​​​​ezimboni ekugcineni izophazamisa umkhiqizo futhi yehluleke umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko wokuxhumana.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Iziphetho ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nesizathu samafoni avikela ukuqhuma
• Imininingwane, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
• Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo kanye nezixwayiso abafundi abangazisebenzisa ngokushesha

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Yini eyenza ifoni ingabi yingozi ngempela?

Kumelwe ibe nezitifiketi zendawo eyingozi njenge-ATEX, i-IECEx, noma i-UL913, kanye nezilinganiso zezindawo ezifanele njenge-Zone 1/21 noma i-Zone 2/22. Ukuqina kukodwa akwanele.

Yiziphi izimboni ezidinga kakhulu amafoni angaqhumi?

Uwoyela negesi, izimayini, izitshalo zamakhemikhali, imithi, ukuphathwa kokusanhlamvu, izindawo zasemanzini, kanye nezindawo zokwakha ezinegesi evuthayo noma izingozi zothuli ezivuthayo zidinga amadivayisi aqinisekisiwe.

Ngingakhetha kanjani isilinganiso esifanele sendawo yengozi?

Qondanisa isitifiketi sefoni nokuhlukaniswa kwesayithi lakho. I-Zone 1/21 ifanela izindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu; I-Zone 2/22 ifanelana nokuchayeka okungengozi kakhulu. Njalo qinisekisa izidingo zokuthobela imithetho yendawo ngaphambi kokuthenga.

Kungani ucabangela iSiniwo ngezinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingaqhumi?

I-Siniwo inikeza izinsizakalo zokuxhumana zezimboni ezitholakala endaweni eyodwa, kusukela ekuklanyweni nasekuhlanganisweni kuya ekufakweni nasekugcinweni, ngemikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe yezindawo eziyingozi nezinzima emazweni angaphezu kuka-70.

Ingabe amafoni angaqhumi anele ohlelweni oluphelele lokuphepha kwezimboni?

Ngokuvamile akunjalo. Zisebenza kangcono ngezingcingo ezihlanganisiwe, ama-intercom, amabhokisi okushaya ucingo oluphuthumayo, izinhlelo ze-PA, kanye ne-IP PBX/VoIP ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuthembekile kuyo yonke indawo.