Iyini i-ATEX Explosion-Injection Telephone System futhi isetshenziswa kuphi?

• Izinhlelo zocingo ze-ATEX zikhethwa ngenxa yokuphepha endaweni eyingozi, hhayi ngenxa yokushaya ngezwi okuyisisekelo.
• Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike endaweni, iqembu legesi, isigaba sokushisa, kanye nesilinganiso sokuvalelwa.
• Ukusebenza kwangempela kuncike ekucindezelweni komsindo, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokugcinwa kahle.
• Abathengi bezimboni kufanele baqhathanise isitifiketi, indlela yokufaka, kanye nensizakalo yomjikelezo wokuphila ngaphambi kwentengo.

Uhlelo lwefoni oluvikela ukuqhuma lwe-ATEX luyindawo yocingo eyingozi eyakhelwe ukusekela ukuxhumana ngezwi lapho imithombo yokushisa kufanele ilawulwe khona, futhi isidingo salokho kulawula sichazwa yizidingo zokuhlukaniswa kwesayithi kanye nesitifiketi. E-EU, imithetho yemishini ye-ATEX ilawulwa yi-Directive 2014/34/EU, kuyilapho imiqondo yokuvikela evame kakhulu yezindawo eziqhumayo ichazwe ochungechungeni lwe-IEC 60079; isibonelo, i-IEC 60079-0 ihlanganisa izidingo ezijwayelekile zemishini, kanti i-IEC 60079-11 ihlanganisa ukuphepha kwangaphakathi. Konjiniyela namaqembu okuthenga, umbuzo obalulekile awukhona nje ukuthi ifoni ingasinda yini ezimweni ezinzima, kodwa ukuthi ingahlala iphephile, ifundeka, futhi ithembekile yini endaweni ehlukanisiwe. Isibonelo, i-IEC 60079-0 icacisa izidingo eziyisisekelo zemishini yezindawo eziqhumayo, futhi idivayisi ingadinga nokuvikelwa kokungena kwe-IP66 noma kwe-IP67 kuye ngothuli, ukufuthwa, noma ukungcola.Isiqondiso 2014/34/EUfuthiI-IEC 60079-0yizinkomba eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa amaphrojekthi amaningi lapho eqhathanisa imishini nengozi yendawo. Abathengi bavame ukuqhathanisa amamodeli anjenge-iphothifoliyo yocingo yezimboni, iisigaba socingo sendawo enobungozi, nomaikhasi lamakhono omkhiqiziukwahlulela ukuthi umhlinzeki angakwazi yini ukusekela isitifiketi, ukwenza ngokwezifiso, kanye nensizakalo kuyo yonke impilo yephrojekthi.

Lokho Okwenziwa Yisistimu Yezingcingo Engaqhumi Ye-ATEX Ekuxhumaneni Endaweni Eyingozi

Uhlelo lwefoni oluvikela ukuqhuma lwe-ATEX lwenzelwe ukugcina ukuxhumana kutholakala ngaphandle kokudala ingozi yokushisa endaweni ehlukanisiwe. Lokho kusho ukuthi indawo ebiyelwe, ikhiphedi, i-handset noma isikhombimsebenzisi esingenazandla, indlela yekhebula, kanye ne-elekthronikhi yangaphakathi konke kukhethwa ukuze kuncishiswe izinhlansi, izinga lokushisa lobuso, kanye namandla amaphutha. Ezikhumulweni zikawoyela, ezindaweni zokulayisha amakhemikhali, emapulazini amathangi, kanye nemigqa yokucubungula uthuli, ifoni iba yingxenye yengqimba yokuphepha ngoba opharetha badinga ukuxhumana ngezwi okusheshayo ngesikhathi sama-alamu, ukukhiywa kokulungisa, izinyathelo zemvume yokusebenza, kanye nemicimbi engavamile. Inani liyasebenza: lapho ukumbozwa komsakazo kungaguquguquki, umsindo uphezulu, noma i-PPE yenza amadivayisi aphathekayo kube nzima ukuwasebenzisa, ucingo lwendawo enobungozi oluhleliwe lunikeza indawo yokuxhumana ebikezelwayo.

I-ATEX iwuhlaka lokulawula lwaseYurophu, kodwa amaphrojekthi amaningi omhlaba wonke ahlanganisa imiqondo ye-IECEx kanye nemithetho yendawo. Ukuhlukaniswa kubalulekile ngoba indawo ye-Zone 1 inethuba eliphezulu lokuba khona kwegesi eqhumayo kune-Zone 2, futhi izindawo zothuli zisebenzisa i-logic efanayo. Isigaba sokushisa sibalulekile futhi; kumagesi, amakilasi avamile aqala ku-T1 ku-450 C kuya ku-T6 ku-85 C, futhi izinga lokushisa lobuso bemishini kumele lihlale lingaphansi komkhawulo ofanele womkhathi. Yingakho ishidi ledatha lemishini kufanele lifundwe njalo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwendawo enobungozi, hhayi ngokuhlukaniswa. Uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukusho ngokucacile umqondo wokuvikela, ukufaneleka kwendawo, kanye nesigaba sokushisa, idivayisi akufanele ifakwe ohlwini olufushane.

Lapho Kusetshenziswa khona Izingcingo Ezingaqhumi ze-ATEX nokuthi Kungani Lawo Masayithi Ewadinga

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda izinhlelo zefoni ezingaqhumi ze-ATEX ukubheka izindawo ezizidingayo. Ingxoxo efanayo akuyona nje ingozi yokuqhuma, kodwa futhi nezimo zokusebenza ezenza izingcingo zehhovisi ezivamile zingathembeki noma zingaphephile. Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukusetshenziswa ekucubungulweni kukawoyela negesi, ezimbonini zamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, ezindaweni zokuhluza, ezisekelweni zasogwini, ezindaweni zokuphatha izinyibilikisi, ezindlini zokupenda, ezindaweni zokuphatha okusanhlamvu nofulawa, ezindaweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka ezinengozi yegesi, kanye nasezindaweni zezinto eziningi lapho uthuli oluvuthayo lunganqwabelana khona. Kulezo zindawo, ngisho nokuxhumana okuvamile kungaba okuphuthumayo ngesikhathi sokuvuza, ukuvalwa, ukuphuma kwabantu, noma amaphutha emishini.

Isilinganiso esisodwa esiwusizo sivela enkambisweni yokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo eziyingozi uqobo. I-IEC 60079-10-1 ikhuluma ngokuhlukaniswa kwesimo sezulu segesi, kuyilapho i-IEC 60079-10-2 ikhuluma ngokuhlukaniswa kothuli oluvuthayo, futhi kokubili kusetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuthi amadivayisi avikelwe ukuqhuma kufanele afakwe kuphi. Isikhungo singase sibe nendawo encane ye-Zone 1 ezungeze umoya wokucubungula kanye nendawo ebanzi ye-Zone 2 ezungeze ama-racks amapayipi noma izingalo zokulayisha; uhlobo locingo olukhethiwe endaweni ngayinye kufanele lufane nendawo. Ezinhlelweni zasogwini, ukugqwala kanye nokuvezwa kwesimo sezulu kuvame ukuba yinto ebalulekile njengokuvikelwa kokuqhuma. Leso yisizathu esisodwa esenza amaphrojekthi amaningi ahlanganise ukuvikelwa kwe-ATEX nesilinganiso esiphezulu sokungena kanye nezinto zezinga lolwandle. Ekuhlolweni okujwayelekile kokuvalwa, i-IEC 60529 ichaza izilinganiso ze-IP, lapho inombolo yokuqala ikhuluma ngokungena okuqinile kanti inombolo yesibili ikhuluma ngokungena kwamanzi; isibonelo, i-IP66 ikhombisa ukuvikelwa okungenathuli kanye nokumelana namajethi amanzi anamandla, kanti i-IP67 yengeza ikhono lokucwiliswa kwesikhashana.I-IEC 60079-10-1, I-IEC 60079-10-2, futhiI-IEC 60529zicashunwe kabanzi ezicacisweni zephrojekthi.

Indlela Yokukhetha Uhlelo Lwefoni Olungaqhumi Lwe-ATEX Lwendawo Yakho

Uhlelo lwefoni olufanele lwe-ATEX olungaqhumi yilona oluhambisana nengozi, hhayi olunezici eziningi. Ukukhetha kufanele kuqale ngokuhlukaniswa kwendawo, bese kudlulela eqenjini legesi, isigaba sokushisa, ukuvikelwa kokungena, kanye nemodi yokuxhumana. Isibonelo, indawo yenqubo equkethe i-hydrogen inezidingo ezihlukile kuneyo equkethe i-propane, futhi indawo yokusanhlamvu enothuli idinga isu elihlukile lokuvalelwa kunendawo yokuncibilikisa ecebile ngomusi. Uma indawo inamazinga okushisa aphezulu noma imishini efakwe elangeni eliqondile, umkhawulo wokushisa ovunyelwe wobuso uba obaluleke kakhulu.

Ngokombono wokuthenga, ukuqhathanisa umkhiqizo okuwusizo kakhulu ngokuvamile akusikho phakathi kwemikhiqizo, kodwa phakathi kwemibono yokuvikela kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa. Ucingo lwendawo enobungozi olufakwe odongeni lungaba luhle kakhulu ekungeneni kweyunithi yenqubo, kuyilapho indawo evalekile engenazandla noma engavimbeli ukucekelwa phansi ingafanela indawo enomsindo, enabantu abaningi. Abathengi kufanele futhi bahlole ukuthi uhlelo ludinga ukuhlanganiswa kwe-analog, i-VoIP, noma i-hybrid, ngoba ukwakheka kwenethiwekhi kungathinta ukulungiswa kanye nokuhambisana. Uma iphrojekthi ifaka phakathi ukushaya ucingo oluphuthumayo noma ukuhlanganiswa kwe-alamu, ucingo lungadinga ukuphuma kwe-relay, oxhumana nabo abomile, noma ukuhambisana nezinhlelo ze-paging kanye nekheli lomphakathi. Ukuze kube nokuhlela okubanzi kokuxhumana kwezimboni, abanye abathengi baqhathanisa i-inketho yocingo lwangaphandle, ainketho yocingo engavimbeli umonakalo, kanyeinketho yocingo oluphuthumayoukuqinisekisa ukuthi umklamo wokuxhumana uhambisana nokuphepha kwesayithi kanye nemodeli yokusebenza.

Ukusebenza Kocingo Okungenabungozi Ekubikeni Kwe-ATEX: Lokho Okufanele Kukutshelwe Yi-Datasheet

Ukusebenza kahle ekuxhumaneni kwendawo eyingozi kulinganiswa ngaphezu kwezimpawu zesitifiketi. Ukuphuma komsindo, ukuqoshwa kwemakrofoni, ukusetshenziswa kwekhiphedi ngamagilavu, ukumelana nokudlidliza, kanye nokuqina kwesivalo sesikhathi eside konke kuthinta ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza yini uma opharetha beludinga ngempela. Ezindaweni zezimboni ezinomsindo, ivolumu yokukhala noma yokubhala engaba ngu-90 kuya ku-110 dB ku-1 m ivame ukuba usizo kakhulu kunendandatho yesitayela sabathengi, ngoba idivayisi kumele ihlale izwakala ngaphezu komsindo wenqubo, amaphampu, amafeni, kanye nokuhamba kwemoto. Ngendlela efanayo, ukuqonda kahle izwi kuvame ukuba yigugu kakhulu kunomsindo ongavuthiwe, ikakhulukazi lapho umsebenzisi egqoke isivikelo sokuzwa.

Imininingwane yobuningi isiza ukuhlukanisa umkhiqizo wezimboni ongathi sína endaweni evalekile ejwayelekile. Ucingo oluqinile lwendawo enobungozi lungacacisa indlu yensimbi engagqwali noma yensimbi embozwe ngophuphu, ikhiphedi evaliwe enempendulo ethintekayo, i-ringer yesitayela se-horn, kanye nemingcele yokushisa yokusebenza efana no--20 C kuya ku-+55 C noma ebanzi, kuye ngomklamo kanye nesisekelo sokuvunyelwa. Amanye amamodeli alinganiswa ngokushaqeka nokudlidliza, kanti amanye ahlolwa ukuchayeka ekugqwaleni. Lapho abathengi bebuza ngokuthembeka, kufanele babuze amazinga okuhlola, hhayi nje umusho wokumaketha. Isibonelo, i-IEC 60068 umndeni obanzi wokuhlolwa kwemvelo okusetshenziselwa izinga lokushisa, ukushisa okumanzi, ukudlidliza, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokushaqeka.I-IEC 60079-0futhiI-NISTkuyizindawo zokuqala eziwusizo zokuqonda ukuthi ukulinganisa okulawulwayo kanye nezimo zokuhlola zisekela kanjani izimangalo zomkhiqizo ezithembekile, noma ngabe ukufaneleka kokugcina kwedivayisi kwenziwa yinhlangano eyazisiwe noma i-ejensi yokuqinisekisa.

• Qinisekisa indawo kanye neqembu legesi ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa amamodeli.
• Qinisekisa izinga lokushisa ngokumelene nesimo sezulu esishisayo esilindelekile.
• Hlola ikhodi ye-IP, indlela yokufaka ikhebula, kanye nokuhambisana kwe-gland.
• Buza ukuthi i-handset, ikhiphedi, kanye nesipikha kungasetshenziswa yini ngamagilavu.
• Cela inombolo yesitifiketi eqondile, hhayi nje isitatimende sencwajana.

Ukufakwa, Ukugcinwa, kanye Nengozi Yomjikelezo Wokuphila Kwesistimu Yocingo ye-ATEX Engavimbeli Ukuqhuma

Ukufakwa okufanele kuyingxenye yomsebenzi wokuphepha, hhayi ukucabanga kamuva. Ucingo olungaqhumi lungalahlekelwa ubuqotho balo bokuvikela uma i-gland ingalungile, indawo evalekile yonakele, isembozo sishiywa sikhululekile, noma izintambo zensimu zishintshwa ngaphandle kokuhlonipha imibandela yesitifiketi. Yingakho amaphrojekthi amaningi ezimboni ekhetha umhlinzeki ongasekela isiqondiso sokufaka, izingxenye ezisele, kanye nemibhalo yokulungisa. Iqiniso elingokoqobo ukuthi idivayisi ekhethwe kahle isengahluleka ukuletha uma ithimba lensimu lingazi ukuthi liyifaka kanjani, liyibophe, liyivale, futhi liyihlole.

Ukuhlela umjikelezo wokuphila nakho kubalulekile ngoba imishini yendawo eyingozi ivame ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho ukufinyelela kokuvala kubiza khona. Ucingo olufakwe epulazini lethangi noma edekini lolwandle kufanele kube lula ukuluhlola futhi kube lula ukulusevisa. Abathengi kufanele bacele isikhathi sokulungisa, ukutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele, kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhawulo yokushintsha izingxenye. Uma iyunithi ithembele ezivikelweni ezikhethekile noma ezihlanganisweni eziqinisekisiwe, izinqubo zokufaka esikhundleni kufanele zibhalwe ngokucacile. Emaphrojekthini amaningi, izindleko zocingo olulodwa olungabanjwanga ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo zikhulu kakhulu kunomehluko wentengo phakathi kwemodeli eyisisekelo neyakhiwe kangcono, ngakho-ke ukuthenga kufanele kuhlole izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi kunentengo yokuthenga yodwa.

I-ATEX, i-IECEx, kanye nezinye izindinganiso Abathengi Okufanele Bazazi

Isimo sezindinganiso kulula ukusiphatha uma uhlukanisa ububanzi bokulawula nezindlela zokuhlola zobuchwepheshe. I-ATEX iwuhlaka lwezomthetho lwaseYurophu lwemishini ehloselwe izimo eziqhumayo, kuyilapho amazinga e-IEC echaza ukwakheka, ukuhlukaniswa, kanye nomqondo wokuhlola osetshenziswa ukufakazela ukufaneleka. Amaphrojekthi amaningi aphesheya kwezilwandle nawo afuna imibhalo ehlobene ne-IECEx ngoba isekela ukuhambisana kwemingcele ekubuyekezweni kokuthengwa nobunjiniyela. Kwidivayisi yokuxhumana, imibhalo efanele kakhulu ivame ukufaka indinganiso ejwayelekile yemishini, indinganiso yomqondo wokuvikela efanele, indinganiso yokuhlukaniswa kwendawo, kanye nendinganiso yokungena kwe-enclosure.

Umphumela owodwa osebenzayo wale ndlela yezindinganiso ukuqhathanisa okungcono phakathi kwabaphakeli. Esikhundleni sokubuza kuphela ukuthi idivayisi "ayikwazi ukuqhuma," umthengi angabuza: yiziphi izindawo ezifanelekela yona, yiliphi iqembu legesi, yiliphi izinga lokushisa, yiliphi izinga le-IP, kanye nemibandela yokufaka? Leyo mibuzo iveza amaphutha ambalwa kakhulu kuno-yebo noma cha olula. Iphinde ihambisane nendlela onjiniyela ababhala ngayo imininingwane kanye nendlela amaqembu e-HSE abuyekeza ngayo ingozi yokufaka. Uma umphakeli ephendula leyo mibuzo ngokunembile, kuba lula ngokuthengwa, ubunjiniyela, kanye nokugcinwa komkhiqizo ngaphandle kwemijikelezo yokucacisa ephindaphindwayo.

Ngezinhlelo zokuxhumana zezimboni ezidinga umbono obanzi wesistimu, amaqembu amaningi ahlela iphrojekthi eduze kokusetshenziswa kokugcina kunelebula lekhathalogi. Indawo ingadinga inhlanganisela yezingcingo zendawo eziyingozi, izindawo zokushaya ucingo oluphuthumayo, amadivayisi ekheli lomphakathi, kanye namayunithi angaphandle aqinile. Kuleso simo, kuyasiza ukuhlolaisigaba socingo lwezimbonieceleni kwamakhasi athile esayithi ukuze ithimba lobuchwepheshe liqinisekise ukuhambisana kulo lonke uhlelo lokuxhumana.

Amaphutha Avamile Lapho Uthenga Uhlelo Lwefoni Olungaqhumi lwe-ATEX

Iphutha elivame kakhulu ukuthenga indawo engafanele. Idivayisi elinganiselwe indawo eyodwa noma umoya owodwa ayifaneleki ngokuzenzakalelayo kwenye, futhi indawo ebiyelwe eqinile ayifani nedivayisi yendawo enobungozi eqinisekisiwe. Elinye iphutha elivamile ukunganaki umsindo. Uma i-ringer kanye nesipikha singenamandla ngokwanele, ucingo lungahlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha kodwa luhluleke ukusebenza. Iphutha lesithathu ukunganaki imininingwane yokufaka njengokukhethwa kwe-gland, ukuqondisa ikhebula, kanye nehadiwe yokufaka, okungalimaza umqondo wokuvikela ohlosiwe.

1. Ungacabangi ukuthi isilinganiso se-IP silingana nokuvikelwa kokuqhuma.
2. Ungakhethi ifoni ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo noma usayizi wayo omncane kuphela.
3. Ungayeki ukuqinisekiswa kwekilasi lokushisa ezindaweni ezishisayo.
4. Ungakunaki ukugqwala, i-UV, kanye nokuchayeka ekugezeni.
5. Ungavumi imodeli ngaphandle kwemiyalelo ecacile yokulungisa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa: Uhlelo Lwezingcingo Olungaqhumi lwe-ATEX

Iyini injongo eyinhloko yohlelo lwefoni oluvikela ukuqhuma lwe-ATEX?

Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumana ngezwi okuphephile ezindaweni lapho kungase kube khona amagesi avuthayo, umusi, noma uthuli, ngenkathi kunciphisa ingozi yokushisa ngokuklama nokufakwa okuqinisekisiwe.

Ifoni yendawo eyingozi ivame ukufakwa kuphi?

Ngokuvamile ifakwa ezindaweni zokucwenga, ezimbonini zamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, ezisekelweni zasogwini, emapulazini amathangi, ezindaweni zokuphatha okusanhlamvu, nakwezinye izindawo zezimboni ezihlukanisiwe.

Yiziphi izitifiketi okufanele ngizihlole ngaphambi kokuthenga esinye?

Hlola uphawu lwe-ATEX, indinganiso yokuvikela ye-IEC 60079 esebenzayo, ukufaneleka kwendawo, iqembu legesi, isigaba sokushisa, kanye nesilinganiso se-IP.

Ingabe i-IP66 yanele ifoni ye-ATEX?

I-IP66 ivame ukufanelana nokuchayeka emanzini okungena uthuli futhi okunamandla, kodwa ayithathi indawo yesitifiketi se-ATEX; kokubili isilinganiso sendawo enobungozi kanye nesilinganiso sokungena kumele kufane nendawo.

Ingabe izingcingo ze-ATEX zingasetshenziswa ne-VoIP?

Yebo, amamodeli amaningi angasekela i-VoIP, kodwa ukwakheka kwenethiwekhi, ukulethwa kwamandla, kanye nemikhawulo yesitifiketi kumele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

Kungani ikilasi lokushisa libalulekile?

Isigaba sokushisa sikhawulela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu ledivayisi, okusiza ukuvimbela ukusha kwamagesi noma umusi ozungezile.

Ngingakhetha kanjani phakathi kwemodeli ye-handset ne-hands-free?

Khetha i-handset yezindawo zokukhuluma ezilawulwayo kanye nemodeli engenazandla lapho opharetha bedinga ukufinyelela okusheshayo, amagilavu, noma ukusetshenziswa okuphuthumayo okuhamba ngokushesha.

Kubathengi bezobuchwepheshe, umthetho olula kakhulu yilona: uhlelo lwefoni oluvikela ukuqhuma lwe-ATEX kufanele luchazwe ngokwesigaba sengozi, hhayi ngokubonakala kwekhathalogi. Uma indawo, isigaba sokushisa, isilinganiso sokungena, kanye nendlela yokufaka kucacile, okunye okusele kwesinqumo kuba lula kakhulu. Uma lezo zici zingacacile, umkhiqizo awukakulungeli iphrojekthi yendawo eyingozi.