Yini okufanele uyihlole efonini yezimboni engangenisi isimo sezulu ukuze uthole amachweba?

• Amachweba ajezisa izindawo ezibuthakathaka: inkungu kasawoti, i-UV, ukudlidliza, kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo kungalimaza ifoni isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba izinto zikagesi zikwenze lokho.
• Ngocingo lwezimboni lwangaphandle, ukuhlolwa okuwusizo kakhulu yisilinganiso se-IP, izinto zokugqwala, ukusebenza komsindo, kanye nokuvalwa kwekhebula.
• Indawo ibalulekile: isango ledokhi, igceke lezitsha, kanye nendawo yokulayisha eyingozi ngokuvamile kudinga amazinga ahlukene okuvikela kanye nesitifiketi.
• Ukubuyekezwa okuhle kwemininingwane kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi, izingcingo zokulungisa, kanye nokuzethemba okungamanga okuvela kumagama okumaketha anjengokuthi “ukumelana nesimo sezulu.”

Ucingo lwezimboni olumelana nesimo sezulu lwamachweba kufanele lwahlulelwe ngokusebenza okulinganiselwe, hhayi ngegama elithi “oluqinile.” Ezindaweni zangaphandle nezasolwandle, amazinga okuvikela anjengeI-IEC 60529Izinto ze-IP66 kanye ne-IP67 ngoba zichaza ukumelana nothuli nokungena kwamanzi ngamagama angahlolwa, kuyilaphoI-ASTM B117kusiza ekuchazeni ukuchayeka kwe-salt-spray okusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukumelana nokugqwala. Kubasebenzi be-port, umbuzo wangempela uwukuthi ingabe ifoni yezimboni engangenisi isimo sezulu ingahlala ifundeka, izwakala, futhi ilungiseka ngemva kokuchayeka kaningi emvuleni, e-spray, e-UV, e-vibration, nasekuphathweni ngabantu. Yingakho izinqumo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthenga zihlanganisa isilinganiso sokuvalelwa, ukwakheka kwe-acoustic, ukumelana nokucekela phansi, kanye nokufinyelela ekulungisweni, ikakhulukazi kudivayisi yokuxhumana ye-port efakwe emasangweni, ezindaweni zokuphumula, ezindaweni zokugcina impahla, noma ezindaweni eziphuthumayo.

Yeka ukuthi ifoni yezimboni evikela isimo sezulu yamachweba kumele ihlale isikhathi esingakanani

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala akukhona ukuthi ifoni ingakwazi yini ukushaya ucingo, kodwa ukuthi ingaqhubeka yini isebenza ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokuchayeka.

Amachweba adala indawo enzima kunezimboni eziningi ngoba isimo sezulu kanye nokusebenza kushaya idivayisi efanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umoya ogcwele usawoti usheshisa ukugqwala, i-UV yonakalisa amapulasitiki, futhi imvula eqhutshwa umoya ingaphoqa amanzi ukuba angene ezindaweni ezingamukeleka ngaphakathi endlini. Ucingo lwezimboni olungangenisi isimo sezulu olubekwe eduze kwe-quay lungase futhi lubhekane nokushayisana kwe-forklift, ukuhlanza, kanye nokusetshenziswa njalo ngezandla ezigqoke amagilavu. Uma ifoni iyingxenye yomsebenzi ophuthumayo noma wokulawula isango, iyunithi ehlulekile iba yinkinga yokuphepha kunokuba yinkinga yokulula.

Uma ubuyekeza ucingo lwemboni yangaphandle, funa isithombe esiphelele sendawo ezungezile, hhayi nje ukuvikelwa kokungena. Buza ukuthi indlu iziphatha kanjani ngaphansi kwelanga, ukuthi yiziphi izinto ze-gasket, ukuthi ikhiphedi ivaliwe yini ekugugulekeni, nokuthi ama-cable glands avikelwe kanjani ekudlidlizeni. Ezinhlelweni zokufaka i-port, impendulo efanele ivame ukuhlanganisa indlu yensimbi noma eqinisiwe nesistimu yokuvala evivinyiwe kanye ne-interface yokukhuluma ehlala isetshenziswa ngaphansi komsindo nezimo ezimanzi.

Imininingwane yocingo lwezimboni oluvikela isimo sezulu ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhetheni amadivayisi okuxhumana ngembobo

Izinqumo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthenga ziqala ngamaqembu amane okucacisa: ukuvikelwa kokungena, ukuqina kwezinto, ukusebenza komsindo, kanye nokuhambisana kwamandla noma isikhombimsebenzisi.

Ukuvikelwa kokungena kuyindawo yokuqala ebonakala kakhulu, kodwa kuyingxenye eyodwa kuphela yempendulo. I-IP66 isho ukuthi indawo ebiyelwe ayivalwa uthuli futhi ivikelwe kumajethi amanzi anamandla, kuyilapho i-IP67 ihlanganisa ukumelana kokucwiliswa kwesikhashana, kokubili okuchazwe ngaphansiI-IEC 60529. Kufoni eseceleni kwedokhi efakwe ngaphansi kwesikhoselo esingaphelele, i-IP66 ivame ukwanele; kuyunithi engase ivezwe ekugelezeni kwamanzi, ukuhlanganisa, noma ukuhlanza ngezikhathi ezithile, i-IP67 ingaba isihlungi esingcono. Kodwa-ke, ungacabangi ukuthi inombolo ephezulu ixazulula yonke inkinga. Uma ukungena kwekhebula, ipuleti lokufaka, noma ukuhlanganiswa kwenkinobho kubuthakathaka, isilinganiso ezingeni legobolondo ngeke silondoloze idivayisi isevisi.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kubalulekile ngokulinganayo. Izibambo zensimbi engagqwali, izembozo zempuphu ezingagqwali, kanye nama-polymer azinzile e-UV konke kusiza ekwandiseni impilo emoyeni wasolwandle. Echwebeni, amapulasitiki avamile angaphakathi angabukeka kahle ngosuku lokuqala bese eba buthakathaka noma ashintshe umbala ngemva kokukhanya kwelanga okuphindaphindiwe kanye nosawoti. Ucingo lwezimboni oluqinile olumelana nesimo sezulu kufanele luchaze ngokucacile uhlelo lwezinto ezisetshenziswayo lwephaneli engaphambili, igobolondo le-handset, ama-gasket, kanye nehadiwe yokufaka.

Ukusebenza komsindo kuyisici esifihliwe sokuhlukanisa. Ama-port anomsindo, futhi uma umamukeli wocingo engakwazi ukuzwa umqhubi, idivayisi iyahluleka ukusebenza noma ngabe iphelele ngogesi. Umklamo omuhle wedivayisi yokuxhumana nge-port ngokuvamile usebenzisa isipikha esikhipha umsindo ophezulu, indlela yemakrofoni engangeni msindo, kanye nemodi ye-handset noma engenazandla efanele isiteshi. Uma ifoni izosetshenziswa eduze kwama-crane, izinjini, noma ukuphathwa kwesitsha, buza ukuthi umenzi ushicilela yini isiqondiso esisebenzayo se-acoustic esikhundleni sezimangalo ezijwayelekile "zomsindo ocacile".

Indlela yokuhlola ikhwalithi yomsindo wocingo lwezimboni zangaphandle ezindaweni ezinomsindo zamachweba

Ukuzwakala kwezwi ngokuvamile kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuqina ngoba ifoni yezimboni engakwazi ukuyiqonda ayisebenzi kahle.

Amachweba adala enye yezindawo ezinzima kakhulu zokuxhumana kwezezimboni. Umsindo wangemuva ovela kuma-crane, izinjini, ama-alamu, ama-loaders, kanye nomoya ungafihla ucingo olujwayelekile lwefoni. Ngaleso sizathu, izivivinyo ezisebenzayo kakhulu akuzona izimangalo zomsindo ezingacacile kodwa izivivinyo zokusetshenziswa: ingabe isisebenzi singakhuluma ngamagilavu, ingabe isamukeli singazwa nge-headset egumbini lokulawula, futhi ingabe idivayisi isakwazi ukusebenza lapho kukhona umoya nemvula? Uma iyunithi ifaka isandisi-zwi, qinisekisa ukuthi ilinganiselwe izimo zokulalela zezimboni kunokusetshenziswa kwehhovisi.

Kwamanye amaphrojekthi, impendulo efanele akuyona ifoni yezimboni yangaphandle ejwayelekile ephathwayo kuphela kodwa iyunithi ehlanganisiwe esebenza ngaphandle kwezandla, isivinini esihleliwe, noma ukuhlanganiswa nohlelo lokuthumela noma oluphuthumayo. Lokho kuba yinto efanele kakhulu kumachweba anezindawo zokuhlala ezinde noma amaphuzu akude lapho opharetha bedinga ukuxhumana okusheshayo ngaphandle kokuzulazula kumamenyu ayinkimbinkimbi.

Uma uqhathanisa amamodeli, funa ubufakazi bendlela umenzi avivinye ngayo inkulumo ezimweni zangempela. Izindinganiso ziyasiza lapha:Izinsiza ze-NIST acoustic kanye nezokuxhumana kwenkulumokuyizinkomba eziwusizo zokuqonda ukuthi kungani umsindo, i-bandwidth, kanye nekhwalithi yesignali kuthinta ukuzwakala, noma ngabe imininingwane yakho yokuthenga ibhalwe ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza kunezilinganiso zelebhu. Abathengisi abangcono kakhulu bahumusha lezi zimiso zibe yizipikha ezisebenzayo, imakrofoni, kanye nezinketho zokuklama indawo ebiyelwe.

Ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kwamafoni ezimbonini okumelana nesimo sezulu kwamachweba nama-terminal

Ikhwalithi yokufaka ingenza ifoni ingasebenzi kahle futhi ifoni encane iphumelele.

Endaweni yechweba, indawo yokufaka inquma ukuthi ifoni izobona ukuxhashazwa okungakanani. Idivayisi efakwe endaweni ephakeme kakhulu ingase ishaywe, kuyilapho idivayisi ebekwe phezulu kakhulu ingase ibe nzima ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo. Indawo evalekile kufanele ivumele ukunamathela okuqinile odongeni, esigxotsheni, noma ohlakeni, futhi ukungena kwekhebula kufanele kuhlelwe ukuze kugwenywe ukulandelwa kwamanzi ngqo emzimbeni. Ama-cable glands, izindlela zokukhipha amanzi, kanye nokucindezelwa kwe-gasket konke kufanele kuhlolwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

Ukufinyelela ekulungiseni kungenye inkinga ewusizo. Uma ifoni idinga amathuluzi akhethekile ukuze ivuleke, ukuhlola okuvamile kuyashesha futhi kubize kakhulu. Uma intambo yesandla noma ikhiphedi kuyindawo eyaziwayo yokuguguleka, ukwakheka kwe-modular kunganciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi. Esigungwini esikhulu, lawo maminithi ahlangana kumayunithi amaningi. Yingakho amaqembu ephrojekthi evame ukukhetha ucingo lwezimboni lwangaphandle olunokufinyelela kwesevisi okucacile kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingashintshwa kalula kunomklamo ovaliwe okunzima ukuwuhlola.

1. Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokufaka ingasekela iyunithi kanye nanoma yimiphi imithwalo yomthelela elindelekile endaweni.
2. Hlola ukuthi intambo yokungena ibheke phansi noma ivikelwe ngamanzi amile.
3. Qinisekisa ukuthi isembozo sokufinyelela singavulwa ukuze sihlolwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukufakwa konke.
4. Hlola ikhwalithi yocingo ngemva kokufakwa, hhayi nje ebhentshini.
5. Qopha indawo eqondile kanye nesikhathi sokulungisa semijikelezo yokuhlolwa yesikhathi esizayo.

Uma ifoni yezimboni engangenisi isimo sezulu idinga nokuvikelwa endaweni eyingozi

Ucingo oluchwebayo lungadinga okungaphezu kokuvikela isimo sezulu uma lufakwe eduze komhwamuko ovuthayo, izindawo zokudlulisa uphethiloli, noma ezinye izindawo eziyingozi.

Yilapho ukudideka kuvame ukuqala khona. Ukuvikela isimo sezulu kuvikela emvuleni nasekugqwaleni, kodwa akuxazululi ngokuzenzakalelayo ingozi yokusha. Uma ukufakwa kuseduze nendawo eyingozi ehlukanisiwe, idivayisi yokuxhumana ingadinga indlela yokuvikela ukuqhuma, njenge-IECEx noma olunye uhlelo lokuqinisekisa oluqashelwayo. Lokho kubaluleke kakhulu kuma-terminal aphatha uphethiloli, amakhemikhali, noma imithwalo ekhiqiza uthuli. Ucingo oluvamile lwezimboni zangaphandle lungaba namandla ngokomzimba futhi lungafaneleki ngokombono wokuphepha.

Kumaphrojekthi endawo enobungozi, ithimba lokuthenga kufanele lihlukanise imibuzo emithathu: ingabe indawo idinga ukuvikelwa yisimo sezulu, ingabe idinga ukumelana nokucekelwa phansi, futhi ingabe idinga ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma? Leyo ihlobene kodwa ayishintshisani. Ukubuyekezwa kokuhambisana nomthetho kufanele kuhlole ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo, iqembu lemishini, isigaba sokushisa, kanye nemibhalo yesitifiketi efanelekile ngaphambi kokuthenga. Uma impendulo ingaqinisekile, indlela ephephile ukubandakanya unjiniyela wokuphepha kwendawo kusenesikhathi kunokuthembela encazelweni yekhathalogi ejwayelekile.

Indlela yokuqhathanisa amakhasi omkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuthenga ucingo lwezimboni lwangaphandle

Ukuqhathanisa amakhasi omkhiqizo ngendlela efanele kusindisa isikhathi ngoba ukwehluleka okuningi kubonakala ephepheni lemininingwane uma wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke.

Qala ngokuhlola ukuthi ikhasi liyichaza ngokucacile yini indawo ehlosiwe. Umhlinzeki omuhle uzohlukanisa ukusetshenziswa kwechweba, olwandle, kwezimboni, okuphuthumayo, noma endaweni eyingozi kunokuzama ukwenza imodeli eyodwa yenze konke. Bese ubuyekeza ukuthi ikhasi libala yini indlela yokufaka, izinga lokuvikela, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, kanye nendlela yokulungisa. Uma leyo mininingwane ingekho, umkhiqizo ungase usasebenza, kodwa ingozi yokuthenga iyanda.

Eqenjini lesayithi elifuna ukuhamba ngokushesha, ukuqhathanisa kwangaphakathi okuwusizo kakhulu kuphakathi kwemindeni yemikhiqizo yomhlinzeki. Isibonelo, umsebenzi onzima kakhuluamadivayisi okuxhumana ezimboniniikhasi lingamboza ipulatifomu ebanzi, kuyilaphoukubuka konke kwezixazululokungasiza ukulinganisa uhlelo lokusebenza, kanye nochwepheshe kakhuluikhasi lokuxhumanaingasetshenziswa ukucela isitifiketi noma ukuqinisekiswa kokufakwa. Uma iphrojekthi yakho ihlanganisa izindawo eziphuthumayo, i-Iphrofayela Yenkampani or Ikhasi lemibuzo evame ukubuzwakungakusiza futhi ukuqinisekisa ikhono lesevisi, imibhalo, kanye nenqubo yokuphendula ngaphambi koku-oda.

Lokho kuqhathanisa akufanele kuphele olimini lokumaketha. Ucingo lwezimboni olumelana nesimo sezulu lwamachweba ludinga ubufakazi, futhi ubufakazi obuqine kakhulu yishidi lemininingwane elihlanganisa isimangalo ngasinye nokuhlolwa okulinganiselwe noma indinganiso. Uma ikhasi lithi iyunithi ifanele ukusetshenziswa ogwini, buza ukuthi lokho kusho ukuqinisekiswa kwe-salt-spray, ihadiwe engagqwali, noma nje indlu ebukeka iqinile. Lokho akufani.

Uhlu lokuhlola lokukhetha ifoni yezimboni engangenisi isimo sezulu kumaphrojekthi edivayisi yokuxhumana yechweba

Uhlu lokuhlola lokuthenga luguqula isicelo "sefoni eqinile" esingacacile sibe yisinqumo sobunjiniyela esisebenzisekayo.

• Qinisekisa indawo eqondile: isango, indawo yokulala, indawo yokugcina impahla, indawo yokungena egumbini lokulawula, noma indawo eyingozi.
• Qondanisa isilinganiso sendawo evalekile nokuvezwa: IP66 yokufutha okunamandla, IP67 uma ukucwiliswa kwesikhashana noma ukuhlanza kungamukeleka.
• Hlola ukuthi azigqwali: izindlu, izikulufo, amabhuleki, namalebula kufanele konke kufane nomoya wasolwandle.
• Hlola umsindo ngaphansi komsindo wendawo, hhayi nje ekamelweni elithule.
• Qinisekisa ukufakwa, ukufinyelela kwesevisi, kanye nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele.
• Hlukanisa ukuvikela isimo sezulu ekuvikeleni ukuqhuma uma ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo kudinga lokho.

Enye indlela ewusizo yokucabanga ngokuthenga yizindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila. Ucingo olunentengo ephezulu kancane kusengaphambili lungase lushibhile uma lugwema ukubizwa okuphindaphindiwe, ukwehluleka kokungena kwamanzi, noma ukuwohloka kwesithombe ngenxa yehadiwe egqwalile. Emisebenzini ye-port, izindleko zeyunithi efile akuyona nje ingxenye yokufaka esikhundleni; kuhlanganisa isikhathi sokuphendula esilahlekile, ukuvakasha kochwepheshe, kanye nengozi yokusebenza yokungakwazi ukufinyelela umuntu ofanele ngokushesha.

Amaphutha avamile lapho uthenga ucingo lwezimboni zangaphandle

Iphutha elivame kakhulu ukuphatha "ukumelana nesimo sezulu" njengesiqinisekiso esisodwa esikhundleni senqwaba yezivikelo ezihlukile.

Abathengi bavame ukugxila endaweni evalekile futhi bangazinaki imininingwane ehluleka kuqala: ukufakwa kwekhebula, i-speaker mesh, ukuguguleka kwekhiphedi, kanye nokugqwala kokufakwa. Elinye iphutha elivamile ukukhetha imodeli ngaphandle kokuhlola ukuthi uhlelo lomsindo lufanelana yini nezinga lomsindo wendawo. Okwesithathu ukusebenzisa ifoni ejwayelekile yezimboni endaweni eyingozi lapho kudingeka khona isitifiketi. Lawa maphutha ayabiza ngoba atholakala kuphela ngemva kokufakwa, lapho ukushintshwa kunzima futhi isikhathi sokungasebenzi sibaluleke kakhulu.

Kukhona futhi iphutha lokubhala phansi. Amaqembu ngezinye izikhathi athenga ihadiwe efanele kodwa ahluleke ukugcina izinga lokuhlola, isithombe sokufaka, kanye neshejuli yokulungisa. Lokho kudala izinkinga kamuva lapho isayithi lidinga ukufakazela ukuthobela imithetho, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi alawulwayo noma izinkontileka zengqalasizinda zomphakathi.

Uhlaka lwesinqumo sokugcina sokukhetha ifoni yezimboni engangenisi isimo sezulu

Ucingo olufanele lwezimboni olumelana nesimo sezulu lwamachweba yilolo oluhambisana nendawo ezungezile, umsebenzi wokuxhumana, kanye nemfuneko yokuthobela imithetho.

Uma idivayisi izohlala endaweni evamile eveziwe, beka phambili isilinganiso se-IP, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokulungiselelwa. Uma kumele isebenze endaweni enomsindo, beka phambili ukuqondakala komsindo kanye nokusebenza okungenazandla. Uma iseduze nezindawo ezivuthayo, engeza isivikelo sendawo enobungozi esiqinisekisiwe ohlwini lokuhlola. Kuzo zonke izimo, cela ubufakazi obucacisiwe, hhayi nje incazelo yomkhiqizo. Leyo ndlela inciphisa ingozi yephrojekthi futhi isiza ifoni ukuthi ihlale iyithuluzi lokuxhumana esikhundleni sokuba umthwalo wokulungisa.

Kubathengi, umbuzo othembekile kakhulu ulula: yini ngempela ezophuka kuqala kule ndawo, futhi ingabe umkhiqizo ucacisiwe ukuze usinde kuleyo modi yokwehluleka? Uma impendulo icacile, ukuthenga kuvame ukuba semgqeni ofanele.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yisiphi isilinganiso se-IP esingcono kakhulu sefoni yezimboni engangenisi isimo sezulu echwebeni?

I-IP66 iyisisekelo esiqinile semvula enkulu kanye namajethi amanzi, kuyilapho i-IP67 ingcono uma kungenzeka ukucwiliswa okwesikhashana, ukuhlangana ndawonye, ​​noma ukuhlanza ngamandla. Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ekuvezweni kwendawo, hhayi olimini lokumaketha.

Ingabe ifoni yezimboni evikela isimo sezulu yanele endaweni eyingozi?

Cha. Ukuvikela isimo sezulu kuvikela umswakama nothuli, kodwa izindawo eziyingozi zingadinga ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma kanye nesitifiketi ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezifana ne-IECEx noma imithetho yendawo efanayo.

Kungani ukumelana nokugqwala kubaluleke kangaka kumaphrojekthi edivayisi yokuxhumana ngembobo?

Izibambo zokuhlasela komoya kasawoti, amabhuleki, amalebula, kanye nensimbi eveziwe. Ucingo lungaqhubeka lusebenza ngogesi kuyilapho ihadiwe elizungezile lonakala, likhululeka, noma liba nzima ukulilungisa.

Yini okufanele ngiyihlole ngemva kokufaka ucingo lwezimboni lwangaphandle?

Hlola ukucaca kocingo, ukuqoshwa kwemakrofoni, ivolumu yesipikha, ukuqondiswa kokukhipha amanzi, ukufinyelela kokulungisa, kanye nokuthi ukufakwa kuhlala kuzinzile yini ngemva kokusetshenziswa kokuqala.

Ingabe ifoni ejwayelekile yezimboni ingasebenza ngaphandle uma ingaphansi kophahla?

Ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa kuphela uma indawo ezungezile ivikelekile ngempela emanzini, othulini, nasekungcoleni. Indawo yokukhosela engaphelele ivame ukunciphisa ingozi kodwa ayiyiqedi.

Ngingaziqhathanisa kanjani izinhlobo ezimbili zocingo zezimboni ezingamelani nesimo sezulu ngokulinganayo?

Qhathanisa isilinganiso se-IP, uhlelo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuqinisekiswa kokugqwala, umklamo womsindo, ububanzi bokushisa, indlela yokufaka, kanye nokufinyelela isevisi usebenzisa isimo sendawo esifanayo semikhiqizo yomibili.

Iyiphi indawo enkulu yokwehluleka efihliwe ekufakweni kwezingcingo zezimboni zangaphandle?

Ukungena nokuvala ikhebula kuvame ukuba yizinto ezibuthakathaka kakhulu ngoba indawo enhle ingase ingasebenzi uma amanzi edlula e-gland, i-gasket, noma i-interface yokufaka.