Yikuphi okungcono ekusakazeni kude, uhlelo lwesipikha olungaqhumi noma uhlelo lwefoni?

• Kwezaziso zebanga elide ezivela komunye kuya komunye, ukubhanqa indawo enobungozi kusebenza kahle kakhulu kunezingcingo zezwi ezivela endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye.
• Uhlelo lwefoni olungangeni ukuqhuma lungcono kakhulu ekuqinisekisweni kwezindlela ezimbili, hhayi ekusakazeni ezindaweni ezinkulu.
• Izinhlelo zesipikha zibaluleke kakhulu uma ukucindezela komsindo, iphethini yokumboza, nomsindo wangemuva kuyimingcele yangempela.
• Izindinganiso ezifanele ezifana nokuthiI-ISO 7240-16futhiI-NFPA 72sekela umqondo wokuklama wokuxhumana ngezwi okuphuthumayo.
• Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike ebangeni, umsindo ozungezile, ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo, nokuthi umyalezo kufanele uqashelwe yini.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwesistimu yesipikha esingaqhumi kanye nesistimu yocingo engaqhumi yokusakaza ibanga elide kuyisinqumo sokuxhumana nokwakhiwa, hhayi nje isinqumo sehadiwe. Ngokusebenzisa amakhasi ezimboni, umbuzo obalulekile ukuthi ngabe udinga indlela yokusakaza engamboza indawo ebanzi eyingozi ngokuqonda okulawulwayo. Ezinhlelweni zezwi eziphuthumayo, ukuqonda nokuzwakala kwenkulumo kuyimigomo yokuklama eyinhloko, kanye nezindinganiso ezifana naleziI-ISO 7240-16futhiI-NFPA 72gcizelela ukusebenza kunokukhipha umsindo okulula. Efektri lapho umsindo ozungezile ungadlula khona ama-dB angu-85, ukwakheka kwe-paging okusekelwe esipikheni kuvame ukusebenza kangcono kunendlela esekelwe ocingweni yokwazisa ngobuningi, kuyilapho uhlelo lwefoni luhlala lubalulekile ekulawuleni izindlela ezimbili kanye nokuqinisekisa izehlakalo. Kubathengi abahlolayouhlelo lwefoni olungangeni ukuqhuma, uhlelo lwesipikha olungangeni ukuqhuma, futhi kabanziucingo lwezimboniUma ukhetha okukhethwa kukho, impendulo efanele incike ekutheni umyalezo kumele uhambe ibanga elingakanani, ukuthi kufanele ufinyelele abantu ngokushesha kangakanani, nokuthi kudingeka ukuqinisekiswa okungakanani.

Kungani ukusakaza ibanga elide kuvame ukukhetha uhlelo lwesipikha olungangeni ukuqhuma

Isiphetho sokuqala silula: ukusakaza kuyinkinga yesipikha, akuyona inkinga ye-handset. Uhlelo lwesipikha lwakhiwe ukuze luveze umlayezo owodwa kubalaleli abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyilokho kanye okudingekayo ekufakweni kwekhasi elide kanye nokuphuma kwabantu ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Ezindaweni ezivulekile zezimboni, ukulahleka kokuxhumana kuvame ukubangelwa ibanga, umsindo, kanye nezithiyo kunokuba kube ukuntuleka kolwazi locingo. Ucingo ludinga umuntu ophendulayo, ahlale ocingweni, futhi adlulisele umyalezo. Isikhulumi esivula ikhasi singadlulisela umyalelo ngokushesha kuwo wonke umuntu osendaweni embozwe, yingakho ngokuvamile silungele kangcono ama-alamu, izaziso zokuphuma, izingcingo zokushintsha amashifu, kanye nezimemezelo zokukhiqiza kulo lonke izwe.

Ukuqondisisa inkulumo kuyisilinganiso sangempela. Isistimu yezwi ephuthumayo ye-IEC kanye ne-ISO iphatha ukuqondisisa njengento ehlosiwe yokuklama ngoba umlayezo ozwakalayo ngokobuchwepheshe kodwa ongaqondakali awusebenzi. Empeleni, uhlelo kumele lunqobe umsindo wemishini ezungezile, izindawo zensimbi ezikhanyayo, kanye nokuphazamiseka komoya wangaphandle.

Lokho okushiwo yizindinganiso zokufaka amakhasi endawo ayingozi

Ukusakaza ezindaweni eziyingozi kunqunyelwe kokubili ukuhlukaniswa kokuphepha kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kwezwi. Lokho kusho ukuthi idivayisi kumele iphephe emoyeni futhi isebenze kahle ngokwanele ukuze izwakale futhi iqondwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zangempela.

Ngezinhlelo zokuxhumana ngezwi eziphuthumayo,I-ISO 7240-16ichaza izidingo zokulawula i-alamu yezwi kanye nemishini yokubonisa, ngenkathiI-NFPA 72isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuxhumaneni okuphuthumayo kanye nokuhlela izaziso. Lezi zindinganiso azenzi uhlelo lwefoni lungabalulekile, kodwa zisekela kakhulu umqondo wokusebenzisa izikhulumi lapho umsebenzi oyinhloko kuwukwazisa ngobuningi.

Ezindaweni eziyingozi, i-IEC kanye ne-ATEX/IECEx yokuthobela imithetho ibaluleke ngokulinganayo. Indawo evalekile, ukungena kwekhebula, isigaba sokushisa, kanye nendlela yokufaka kumele ihambisane nendawo ezungezile. Idivayisi yokusakaza efanelekile ngokwezwi kodwa engalungile ekuhlukanisweni kwendawo akuyona inketho yobunjiniyela evumelekile.

Umsindo wasemsebenzini uyisizathu esiyinhloko esisebenzayo sokunqoba ukuqoshwa kwekhasi lesipikha. Indinganiso yomsindo ye-OSHA,29 CFR 1910.95, isebenzisa izinga lesenzo elingu-85 dBA lokuphatha ukuchayeka komsindo. Uma umsindo womshini usondela noma udlula lelo zinga, ifoni ayikwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yokusabalalisa ngoba umlayezo kusadingeka udluliselwe ngesandla. Inethiwekhi yesipikha eklanywe kahle ingakwazi.

Uma uhlelo lwefoni olungaqhumi lungcono kakhulu

Isiphetho sesibili sibaluleke ngokulinganayo: uhlelo lwefoni lungcono uma umyalezo kufanele uqinisekiswe, hhayi nje ulethwe.

Uhlelo lwefoni olungangeni ukuqhuma lufanelekela ukuxhumana phakathi komqhubi nomlawuli wegumbi, ukuthunyelwa kokulungiswa, kanye nokuxhumanisa izigameko lapho imininingwane ibalulekile. Uma imiyalelo ifaka inombolo yevalvu, ikhodi yendawo, igama lamakhemikhali, noma isinyathelo sokuvala, ucingo oluhamba ngezindlela ezimbili luphephile kunokusakaza ngendlela eyodwa ngoba umamukeli angawuphinda umlayezo futhi aqinisekise ukunemba.

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini enobungozi obukhulu lapho ukusakazwa okungacacile kungabangela ukudideka. Uhlelo lwefoni lusebenza kahle naseziteshini ezihlukanisiwe, ezindlini zamasango, ezindaweni zokulayisha, nasezindaweni zemishini lapho umuntu oyedwa edinga ukukhuluma nomphathi noma umlawuli wezimo eziphuthumayo ngaphandle kokuthembela kunethiwekhi evamile ye-PA.

1. Sebenzisa uhlelo lwesipikha uma umyalezo uphuthuma, umfushane, futhi uhloselwe abantu abaningi.
2. Sebenzisa uhlelo lwefoni uma umyalezo uqondile, ungowobuchwepheshe, noma kufanele uqashelwe.
3. Sebenzisa kokubili lapho ukusakazwa kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokubili kubalulekile emsebenzini.

Ngamanye amazwi, umbuzo awusiwo othi “yikuphi okungcono emhlabeni wonke?” Umbuzo ongcono ukuthi umsebenzi uyasakazwa, uqinisekiswa, noma kokubili.

Umehluko omkhulu wobunjiniyela phakathi kokubhala izikhala zesipikha nokuxhumana ngocingo

Umehluko wobunjiniyela ngokuyinhloko umayelana nokuziphatha kwenethiwekhi. Uhlelo lwesipikha lusabalalisa umsindo ngaphandle, kuyilapho uhlelo lwefoni ludala iluphu yengxoxo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Lokho kushintsha ukubambezeleka, ukuqapha, i-wiring logic, ukugcinwa, kanye nokuziphatha kwabantu ngesikhathi sesigameko.

Izinhlelo zesipikha zenzelwe indawo yokumboza kanye nomsindo obonakalayo. Izinhlelo zefoni zenzelwe ukusethwa kwezingcingo, umsindo we-duplex, kanye nokuthembeka kwendawo yokugcina. Ekusakazeni okude, ukwakheka kwesipikha kunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi womqhubi ngoba isimemezelo esisodwa singafinyelela izisebenzi eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukubhala amakhasi akude nakho kusizakala ngamaphuzu ambalwa okuhluleka kwabantu. Isimemezelo sesikhulumi asixhomekile ekutheni umlaleli athathe ifoni noma abe seduze nefoni ehleliwe. Lokho kubalulekile ezindaweni zezimboni ezishintshashintshayo lapho abantu behamba khona ezindaweni ezinkulu.

Indlela yokukhetha ngokusekelwe ebangeni, umsindo, kanye nokwakheka kwendawo

Idivayisi efanele incike ekutheni umsindo uhamba kanjani endaweni yangempela, hhayi ngokwencazelo yencwajana kuphela.

Egumbini lokulawula elincane noma ephaseji elifushane, ifoni inganela ngoba ukuxhumana kusendaweni. E-rack yamapayipi okuhlanza, epulazini lethangi, esikhumulweni sezindiza, noma egcekeni lezimayini, uhlelo lwesipikha luvame ukuba ngcono ngoba ibanga nomsindo ozungezile kwenza ukushaya ucingo oluqondile kungasebenzi kahle.

Izindawo ezivulekile zivame ukudinga ukuhlela okunembe kakhulu kwe-acoustic kunezindawo zangaphakathi. Umoya, imishini, kanye nokubonakaliswa kwesakhiwo kunganciphisa ukuzwakala. Isipikha esiqondisa isiqondiso, ukuphakama okufanele kokukhweza, kanye nomklamo wekhasi osekelwe endaweni ngokuvamile kudlula ifoni yodonga kulezi zimo.

• Khetha uhlelo lwesipikha uma izilaleli zihlakazeke endaweni ethile.
• Khetha uhlelo lwefoni uma izilaleli zingumuntu oyedwa noma iqembu elincane lokulawula.
• Khetha uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe uma ukusakaza nokuqinisekisa kokubili kudingeka.
• Hlola isitifiketi sendawo enobungozi ngaphambi kokuhlola izici zomsindo.
• Hlela ukufinyelela ekulungiseni, hhayi nje ukulula kokufaka.

Izimo zangempela lapho inketho ngayinye iwina khona

Isimo siqhuba impendulo ngaphezu kwesigaba somkhiqizo.

Efektri yamakhemikhali, imiyalelo yokukhishwa ngesikhathi sesehlakalo sokuvuza inikezwa kangcono ngohlelo lwesipikha olungaqhumi ngoba umyalezo kumele ufike kubasebenzi abaningi ngokushesha. Efektri efanayo, umphathi weshifu angase adinge uhlelo lwefoni olungaqhumi ukuze axhumanise izinyathelo zokuhlukaniswa negumbi lokulawula.

Endaweni yokucubungula okusanhlamvu, uhlelo lwesipikha lungasekela ukukhala kwe-alamu ezindaweni ezivame uthuli, kuyilapho ifoni edokini lokulayisha ingasiza ekuxhumaniseni iloli kanye nokwenyuka kwezigameko. Epulazini lethangi, uhlelo lwesipikha lusebenza kangcono ezixwayisweni zendawo yonke, kodwa uhlelo lwefoni lusasebenza ekuqinisekisweni kobuchwepheshe kanye nokubhala izimpendulo.

Yingakho abahlanganisi bezinhlelo bevame ukuklama ukuxhumana okunezingqimba kunokukhetha uhlobo olulodwa lwedivayisi yomsebenzi ngamunye.

Uhlu lokukhetha lwamaqembu okuthenga nobunjiniyela

Isinqumo sokuthenga esithembeke kakhulu siqala ngenkinga yokuxhumana, hhayi igama lomkhiqizo.

1. Chaza ukuthi isidingo esiyinhloko ukusakazwa, ukuqinisekiswa, noma kokubili.
2. Beka imephu yokuhlukaniswa kwezindawo eziyingozi kanye nesitifiketi esidingekayo.
3. Kala umsindo ozungezile bese uqaphela izimo zokusebenza eziphakeme.
4. Thola inani labalaleli, izindlela zokuhamba, kanye nezindawo ongaziqondi.
5. Nquma ukuthi umyalezo kumele uqashelwe ngesikhathi sangempela.
6. Hlola ukufinyelela kokulungisa, izingxenye ezisele, kanye nendlela yokufaka.

Uma impendulo yemibuzo emibili yokuqala ithi “isakazwa kubantu abaningi endaweni eyingozi,” isiqondiso sesistimu sivame ukuba sobala: beka phambili uhlelo lwesipikha olungaqhumi. Uma impendulo ithi “ukuxhumana okubili nendawo eyodwa noma umqhubi oyedwa,” uhlelo lwefoni olungaqhumi luba inketho enamandla.

Kungani amaphrojekthi amaningi edinga zombili izinhlelo

Isixazululo esiwusizo kakhulu ngokuvamile asiyona into ethize-noma kodwa kokubili-futhi.

Uhlelo lwesipikha luphatha isexwayiso sokuqala. Uhlelo lwefoni luphatha ukulandelela. Lokho kubhanqa kunciphisa ukudideka ngoba abantu bezwa imiyalelo yokuqala futhi abaphathi bangaqinisekisa imininingwane ngendlela yengxoxo elawulwayo.

Le ndlela ehlanganisiwe ithuthukisa nokuqina. Uma isisebenzi singalizwa kahle ikhasi lokuqala, iphuzu locingo eliseduze lingasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa imiyalelo. Uma ucingo lumatasa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo, uhlelo lwesipikha lusanikeza isixwayiso esibanzi.

Ngokombono we-EEAT, lena impendulo ethembeke kakhulu ngoba ibonisa indlela ukuxhumana ngokuphepha kwezimboni okusebenza ngayo ngempela: isaziso esikhulu kanye nokuqinisekiswa, hhayi idivayisi eyodwa nje ethatha indawo yenye.

Imibono evame ukungaqondwa kahle mayelana nokusakazwa okude

Iphutha elikhulu ukucabanga ukuthi umsindo ozwakalayo ulingana nongcono. Emakhasini endawo ayingozi, ukuzwakala kahle kwedlula ivolumu eluhlaza. Isimemezelo esihlanekezelwe noma esibonisiwe singaba sibi kunesithule kancane kodwa esicacile.

Iphutha lesibili ukucabanga ukuthi uhlelo lwefoni "lungasakaza" uma lunomsindo ngokwanele. Alukwazi ukuthatha indawo yokubhala ikhasi elilodwa kuya kwaningi ngoba imodeli yokusebenzisana komsebenzisi ihlukile. Ngisho nefoni engcono kakhulu isadinga umlaleli ukuthi ayiphendule.

Iphutha lesithathu ukungazinaki izindinganiso kanye nesitifiketi. Ekuxhumaneni kwezimboni, ukuthobela imithetho yokuphepha akuyona isinyathelo samaphepha esilandela iqiniso; kuyingxenye yencazelo yomkhiqizo.

Isincomo esiyinhloko

Ekusakazeni okude, uhlelo lwesipikha olungaqhumi luvame ukuba ngcono kunesistimu yocingo engaqhumi ngoba lwakhiwe ukuze kuxhunyaniswe ngokushesha phakathi kwabantu ezindaweni eziyingozi.

Ukuze kuhlanganiswe izindlela ezimbili, kuqinisekiswe, kanye nemiyalelo enemininingwane, uhlelo lwefoni olungaqhumi lungcono. Kumaphrojekthi amaningi ezimboni, ukwakheka kokuxhumana okuqine kakhulu kuyinhlanganisela: izipikha zezaziso kanye ne-paging, amafoni okuqinisekisa nokulawula.

Uma uklama noma uqamba iphrojekthi, buyekeza umndeni womkhiqizo ku-ukupeyinta indawo enobungozi, qhathanisa izinketho ze-endpoint ngokusebenzisauhlelo lwefoni olungangeni ukuqhuma, futhi uhlole izidingo zokuthunyelwa kabanzi ngokusebenzisaucingo lwezimbonifuthiucingo oluvikela isimo sezuluizigaba.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe uhlelo lwesipikha olungaqhumi lungcono kunohlelo lwefoni lokususa abantu endaweni evalekile?

Yebo. Ngokususa abantu, uhlelo lwesipikha luvame ukuba ngcono ngoba lufinyelela abantu abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi aludingi ukuthi umlaleli ngamunye aphendule ucingo.

Ingabe uhlelo lwefoni olungaqhumi lungathatha indawo yezipikha ze-paging?

Cha. Uhlelo lwefoni lusekela ukuxhumana okubili, kodwa aluyona indawo ephumelelayo yesaziso esikhulu noma ama-alamu endawo yonke.

Yini ebaluleke kakhulu ekubhaleni izindawo eziyingozi: ivolumu noma ukuzwakala?

Ukuqonda kubaluleke kakhulu. Umyalezo kumele uqondwe, hhayi nje uzwiwe.

Kufanele ngikhethe nini kokubili uhlelo lwesipikha kanye nohlelo lwefoni?

Khetha kokubili uma udinga izexwayiso zokusakaza kanye nokuqinisekiswa komphathi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinkulu noma ezinobungozi obukhulu bezimboni.

Yiziphi izindinganiso ezivame ukubhekiselwa kuzo zokuxhumana ngezwi eziphuthumayo?

Izinkomba ezivamile zifaka phakathiI-ISO 7240-16futhiI-NFPA 72.

Kungani izinga lomsindo lithinta kakhulu ukukhetha?

Ngoba umsindo ophezulu ozungezile unciphisa ukucaca kwenkulumo, kanye ne-OSHA's29 CFR 1910.95kugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuphatha izindawo ezinomsindo.

Iyiphi isu lokuthenga eliphephile kakhulu lendawo enkulu yezimboni?

Qala ngomsebenzi wokuxhumana, bese uqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo, isitifiketi, ukumbozwa, kanye nokufinyelela ekunakekelweni ngaphambi kokukhetha ihadiwe.